ZoBell Vanessa M, Posdaljian Natalie, Lenssen Kieran L, Wiggins Sean M, Hildebrand John A, Baumann-Pickering Simone, Frasier Kaitlin E
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2025 Jun 1;157(6):4233-4251. doi: 10.1121/10.0036778.
Decadal variations of ocean soundscapes are intricately linked to large-scale climatic and economic fluctuations. This study draws on over 15 years of acoustic recordings at six sites within the Southern California Bight, investigating interannual, seasonal, and diel variations. By examining acoustic energy from fin and blue whales along with sounds from ships and wind, we identified changes in soundscape over time and space. This study reveals that sound levels associated with both biological and non-biological sound sources varied seasonally and correlated with large-scale climatic patterns and long-term oceanographic fluctuations. Baleen whale sound levels before, during, and after a marine heatwave were assessed; sound levels decreased in southern sites and increased in northern sites adjacent to the California Current, underscoring the potential for range shifts and habitat compression during warm years for these species. Ship-generated sound levels at high-traffic sites reflected economic events such as recessions, labor shortages and negotiations, and changes to port activities. Marine soundscapes offer an approach to assess the ocean's condition amid ongoing climatic and economic fluctuations.
海洋声景的年代际变化与大规模气候和经济波动有着复杂的联系。本研究利用了南加州湾六个地点超过15年的声学记录，调查了年际、季节和昼夜变化。通过检查长须鲸和蓝鲸发出的声能以及船舶和风力产生的声音，我们确定了声景在时间和空间上的变化。这项研究表明，与生物和非生物声源相关的声级随季节变化，并且与大规模气候模式和长期海洋学波动相关。评估了海洋热浪之前、期间和之后须鲸的声级；南部地区的声级下降，而加利福尼亚洋流附近的北部地区声级上升，这突出了这些物种在温暖年份出现范围转移和栖息地压缩的可能性。高流量站点船舶产生的声级反映了经济事件，如衰退、劳动力短缺和谈判以及港口活动的变化。海洋声景提供了一种在持续的气候和经济波动中评估海洋状况的方法。
