Gu Sophie Z, Trief Danielle
Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY.
Eye Contact Lens. 2025 Jun 5;51(7):296-299. doi: 10.1097/ICL.0000000000001181.
Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a seasonally recurring form of allergic conjunctivitis that leads to bilateral inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva. Symptoms may include itching, foreign body sensation, discharge, and conjunctival hyperemia. Severe cases may result in corneal complications including erosions, shield ulcers, plaques, microbial keratitis, corneal scarring, limbal stem cell deficiency, and keratoconus. Epidemiological data reveal that it mainly affects children and young adults, with male predominance and a higher prevalence in warmer climates. The etiology is multifactorial, involving triggers from environmental allergens. Both type I and type IV hypersensitivity reactions have been implicated. Vernal keratoconjunctivitis may significantly impact visual acuity and quality of life, especially in school-aged children. Management strategies include allergen avoidance, topical treatments, and immunomodulators. Despite therapeutic advances, VKC remains a significant cause of morbidity, highlighting the need for prompt diagnosis and treatment to mitigate long-term impacts on vision and quality of life.
春季角结膜炎（VKC）是一种季节性复发的过敏性结膜炎，可导致角膜和结膜双侧炎症。症状可能包括瘙痒、异物感、分泌物增多和结膜充血。严重病例可能导致角膜并发症，包括糜烂、盾形溃疡、斑块、微生物性角膜炎、角膜瘢痕形成、角膜缘干细胞缺乏和圆锥角膜。流行病学数据显示，它主要影响儿童和年轻人，男性居多，在气候较温暖地区患病率更高。病因是多因素的，涉及环境过敏原引发。Ⅰ型和Ⅳ型超敏反应均与之相关。春季角结膜炎可能会对视敏度和生活质量产生重大影响，尤其是对学龄儿童。治疗策略包括避免接触过敏原、局部治疗和免疫调节剂。尽管治疗取得了进展，但VKC仍然是发病的一个重要原因，这凸显了及时诊断和治疗以减轻对视力和生活质量的长期影响的必要性。
