Zhan Xiaojun, He Wenqiang, Xu Mi, Ji Jie, Hu Wen, Tai Jun
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Center For Children's Health,Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China.
Department of Pediatrics, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2025 Aug;195:112397. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112397. Epub 2025 May 18.
Duration of disease plays an important role in the relationship of adenoid hypertrophy and craniofacial morphology. This study aimed to analyse the association of adenoid hypertrophy with craniofacial features in different duration groups.
Cephalograms were obtained from 216 participants aged 3-14 years. The effects of varying durations of snoring and oral breathing, as well as the risk of OSA, on craniofacial development were compared. Associations between craniofacial development and relevant clinical factors were evaluated using logistic regression analysis.
Compared with the Ad/Np ≤ 0.7 group, children in the Ad/Np > 0.7 group had significantly reduced SNA and SNB angles, increased nose length, and alterations in vertical and soft tissue parameters (all p < 0.05). Snoring >1 year correlated with decreased lip protrusion angle and increased mandibular angle/facial width (p < 0.05). Oral breathing >3 months in Ad/Np > 0.7 children reduced ANB angle (p = 0.02) but increased upper lip thickness (D-C, p = 0.038). Multivariate regression analysis identified that the Ad/Np ratio was associated with changes in SNA and SNB. Snoring duration and oral breathing were determined as influencing factors for dentofacial protrusion and alterations in upper lip soft tissue morphology.
Children with adenoid hypertrophy are independently associated with sagittal skeletal discrepancies and show altered craniofacial growth patterns. Prolonged snoring (>1 year) and oral breathing (>3 months) exacerbate dentofacial protrusion and upper lip (soft tissue) morphological changes.
疾病持续时间在腺样体肥大与颅面形态的关系中起着重要作用。本研究旨在分析不同病程组中腺样体肥大与颅面特征的关联。
获取了216名3至14岁参与者的头影测量片。比较了不同打鼾和口呼吸持续时间以及阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停风险对颅面发育的影响。使用逻辑回归分析评估颅面发育与相关临床因素之间的关联。
与腺样体/鼻咽部比值（Ad/Np）≤0.7组相比，Ad/Np>0.7组儿童的SNA和SNB角显著减小，鼻长增加，垂直和软组织参数发生改变（均p<0.05）。打鼾>1年与唇突角减小和下颌角/面宽增加相关（p<0.05）。Ad/Np>0.7的儿童口呼吸>3个月会使ANB角减小（p=0.02），但上唇厚度增加（D-C，p=0.038）。多变量回归分析确定Ad/Np比值与SNA和SNB的变化有关。打鼾持续时间和口呼吸被确定为牙颌面突出和上唇软组织形态改变的影响因素。
腺样体肥大儿童与矢状面骨骼差异独立相关，并表现出颅面生长模式改变。长期打鼾（>1年）和口呼吸（>3个月）会加剧牙颌面突出和上唇（软组织）形态变化。
