Chan M K, Browning A K, Poole C J, Matheson L A, Li C S, Baillod R A, Moorhead J F
Nephron. 1985;41(2):161-5. doi: 10.1159/000183573.
Pharmacokinetics of cefuroxime was studied in patients on continuous ambulatory or intermittent peritoneal dialysis. A single intravenous bolus (15 mg/kg) of cefuroxime provided a mean serum concentration of 86 mg/litre 5 min, 40 mg/litre 1 h, 163 mg/litre 24 h after the injection. The peritoneal clearance of cefuroxime varied widely among different individuals, ranging from 1.45 to 6.17 ml/min with a mean of 3.59 ml/min during 4-hour exchanges, and from 0,52 to 11.3 ml/min during 2-hour exchanges. A single injection (15 mg/kg) of the antibiotic could not provide satisfactory antibiotic concentrations in peritoneal effluent during peritoneal lavage. When cefuroxime had been added to peritoneal dialysis solution before the solution was instilled into the peritoneal cavity, a significant decrease in cefuroxime concentration occurred in the peritoneal effluent even after a short equilibration time. Furthermore, cefuroxime concentrations measured in residual dialysis solutions in the plastic bags ranged from 44.3 to 1,351% of the concentration of cefuroxime calculated from the added doses, indicating that despite great care, mixing of the antibiotic with dialysis solutions in plastic bags was far from uniform.
在进行持续非卧床腹膜透析或间歇性腹膜透析的患者中研究了头孢呋辛的药代动力学。静脉注射单次大剂量（15mg/kg）头孢呋辛后，注射后5分钟血清平均浓度为86mg/L，1小时为40mg/L，24小时为163mg/L。头孢呋辛的腹膜清除率在不同个体间差异很大，4小时换液期间为1.45至6.17ml/min，平均为3.59ml/min；2小时换液期间为0.52至11.3ml/min。单次注射（15mg/kg）抗生素在腹膜灌洗期间不能使腹膜流出液中的抗生素浓度达到满意水平。在将腹膜透析液灌入腹腔之前向其中加入头孢呋辛后，即使经过较短的平衡时间，腹膜流出液中的头孢呋辛浓度也会显著降低。此外，塑料袋中残留透析液中测得的头孢呋辛浓度为根据添加剂量计算所得浓度的44.3%至1351%，这表明尽管极为小心，但抗生素与塑料袋中透析液的混合仍远不均匀。
