Lareau S C, Bonnet M H
Nurse Pract. 1985 Aug;10(8):13, 16-17, 20-4.
An inability to sleep or sleep prematurely ended or interrupted by periods of wakefulness (insomnia) are some of the most frequent complaints heard from patients. Insomnia can be situationally related or persistent in nature. Persistent insomnia may be associated with biological rhythm disturbances, drug dependency, psychophysiologic abnormalities, psychiatric disturbance, sleep apnea syndrome or nocturnal myoclonus. This article describes these pathologies, gives clues toward differential diagnosis, suggests patient subgroups that would benefit from referral for specialized evaluation at a sleep disorder center and describes current treatment options.
无法入睡、睡眠过早结束或被清醒期打断（失眠）是患者最常提出的一些抱怨。失眠可能与情境有关，也可能是持续性的。持续性失眠可能与生物节律紊乱、药物依赖、心理生理异常、精神障碍、睡眠呼吸暂停综合征或夜间肌阵挛有关。本文描述了这些病症，提供了鉴别诊断的线索，指出了可从转介至睡眠障碍中心进行专业评估中受益的患者亚组，并介绍了当前的治疗选择。
