Fricke Madeleine, Kruse Adele, Schwenk Michael, Jansen Carl-Philipp, Muehlbauer Thomas, Gramann Klaus, Wollesen Bettina
Department of Biological Psychology and Neuroergonomics, TU Berlin, Fasanenstr. 1, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
Department of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
Ger J Exerc Sport Res. 2021;51(4):443-456. doi: 10.1007/s12662-021-00762-2. Epub 2021 Oct 14.
A sedentary lifestyle in nursing home residents is often accompanied with reduced life space mobility and in turn affects satisfaction with life. One of the reasons for this may be limited ability to find one's way around the care facility and its environment. However, spatial orientation exercises might reduce these problems if they are integrated into an adequate cognitive-motor training. Therefore, we integrated six novel and target group-specific spatial orientation exercises into an established multicomponent cognitive-motor group training for nursing home residents and evaluated its feasibility. Forty nursing home residents (mean age: 87.3 ± 7 years) participated in the spatial orientation cognitive motor training (45-60 min, twice a week over a period of 12 weeks). The main outcomes included the feasibility criteria (adherence, completion time, acceptance, instructions, motor performance, materials/set up, complexity) and first measurements of mobility and satisfaction with life (SPPB [Short Physical Performance Battery], SWLS [Satisfaction with Life Scale]). Adherence increased over time. The increase was associated with the adaptions and modifications of the spatial orientation exercises that were made to meet the participants' requirements. A positive trend was discerned for mobility and life satisfaction, comparing pre- and posttraining data. In summary, the feasibility analysis revealed that future interventions should consider that (a) instructions of demanding spatial tasks should be accompanied by an example task, (b) trainers should be encouraged to adjust task complexity and materials on an individual basis, (c) acceptance of the training should be promoted among nursing staff, and (d) surroundings with as little disturbance as possible should be selected for training.
养老院居民久坐不动的生活方式往往伴随着活动空间的减少，进而影响生活满意度。造成这种情况的一个原因可能是在护理机构及其环境中寻找方向的能力有限。然而，如果将空间定向练习纳入适当的认知 - 运动训练中，可能会减少这些问题。因此，我们将六项新颖的、针对目标群体的空间定向练习纳入了一项针对养老院居民的既定多成分认知 - 运动小组训练中，并评估了其可行性。40名养老院居民（平均年龄：87.3±7岁）参加了空间定向认知运动训练（45 - 60分钟，每周两次，为期12周）。主要结果包括可行性标准（依从性、完成时间、接受度、指导说明、运动表现、材料/设置、复杂性）以及活动能力和生活满意度的首次测量（简短身体表现量表[SPPB]、生活满意度量表[SWLS]）。依从性随时间增加。这种增加与为满足参与者需求而对空间定向练习所做的调整和修改有关。比较训练前后的数据，发现活动能力和生活满意度呈积极趋势。总之，可行性分析表明，未来的干预措施应考虑：（a）要求较高的空间任务的指导说明应伴有示例任务；（b）应鼓励培训师根据个人情况调整任务复杂性和材料；（c）应促进护理人员对培训的接受度；（d）应选择干扰尽可能少的环境进行培训。
