Chen Jianan, Tan Rongbang, Mo Yuqian, Zhang Jingjing
Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University & Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China.
Fundam Res. 2022 Mar 12;2(5):817-826. doi: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.03.003. eCollection 2022 Sep.
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a protective interface between the central nervous system (CNS) and the circulating blood, and is critical in controlling the movement of ions, molecules and cells to maintain CNS homeostasis. The disruption of BBB is a key event responsible for the pathology in a number of neurological diseases and has also been shown to be involved in the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections recently. In this review, we discuss the cellular and molecular components orchestrating BBB formation and function maintenance across species. How this barrier can be modulated for efficient drug delivery into the brain, and how BBB breakdown participates in neurological diseases are discussed. Finally, we highlight the recent work identifying the possible mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 invades CNS by crossing BBB in Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.
血脑屏障（BBB）是中枢神经系统（CNS）与循环血液之间的保护性界面，对于控制离子、分子和细胞的移动以维持中枢神经系统内环境稳定至关重要。血脑屏障的破坏是许多神经疾病发病机制中的关键事件，最近还被证明与严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染有关。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了跨物种协调血脑屏障形成和功能维持的细胞和分子成分。还讨论了如何调节这一屏障以实现药物向脑内的有效递送，以及血脑屏障破坏如何参与神经疾病。最后，我们重点介绍了最近的研究工作，这些研究确定了在2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）患者中SARS-CoV-2通过血脑屏障侵入中枢神经系统的可能机制。
