Gomez Leonardo A Dominguez, Estrada Yarelix, Sauer Jeffery, Zaidi Izza, Trinidad Andrew J, Helmy Hannah, Harocopos Alex
Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Bureau of Alcohol Drug Use, Prevention, Care, and Treatment (BADUPCT), 42-09 28 th Street, WS 19-116 QN, Long Island City, NY, 11101, USA.
Harm Reduct J. 2025 Jun 7;22(1):99. doi: 10.1186/s12954-025-01237-5.
Xylazine has emerged as a major component of the unregulated opioid supply in several jurisdictions across the United States. However, the extent of xylazine in local drug supplies is unknown. Drug checking is a harm reduction strategy that provides information to people who use drugs and allows for insight into the composition of local drug supplies.
The New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) worked with syringe service program (SSP) partners to operate a drug checking pilot study that continued as a public health program. Drug samples were submitted by SSP participants for drug checking by trained DOHMH staff and further testing by secondary laboratory partners. The secondary laboratory used both GC/MS and LC-QTOF-MS to identify compounds present in a drug sample.
Drug samples collected from November 2021 through December 2024 were analyzed. There were N = 1027 secondary laboratory testing results that contained opioids. Of these, n = 449 (43.7%) also contained xylazine. The prevalence of opioids containing xylazine increased from 10.7% in 2021 to 53.7% through 2024. Visualization of the monthly xylazine prevalence, as well as an accompanying chi-square test for trend in proportions (χ = 45.229, degrees of freedom = 1, p-value = < 0.001), provided further evidence that the prevalence of xylazine increased over time.
The prevalence of xylazine in samples containing opioids has increased in New York City from November 2021 through December 2024. Drug checking can monitor changes in the local drug supply and inform existing harm reduction efforts.
在美国多个司法管辖区，赛拉嗪已成为不受监管的阿片类药物供应的主要成分。然而，当地毒品供应中赛拉嗪的含量尚不清楚。药物检测是一种减少伤害的策略，它为吸毒者提供信息，并有助于深入了解当地毒品供应的成分。
纽约市卫生和精神卫生部门（DOHMH）与注射器服务项目（SSP）合作伙伴合作开展了一项药物检测试点研究，并将其作为一项公共卫生项目持续进行。药物样本由SSP参与者提交，由训练有素的DOHMH工作人员进行药物检测，并由二级实验室合作伙伴进行进一步检测。二级实验室使用气相色谱/质谱联用仪（GC/MS）和液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱仪（LC-QTOF-MS）来识别药物样本中存在的化合物。
对2021年11月至2024年12月收集的药物样本进行了分析。有N = 1027份二级实验室检测结果显示含有阿片类药物。其中，n = 449份（43.7%）还含有赛拉嗪。含赛拉嗪的阿片类药物的流行率从2021年的10.7%上升至2024年全年的53.7%。赛拉嗪月度流行率的可视化，以及伴随的比例趋势卡方检验（χ = 45.229，自由度 = 1，p值 = < 0.001），进一步证明赛拉嗪的流行率随时间增加。
2021年11月至2024年12月期间，纽约市含阿片类药物样本中赛拉嗪的流行率有所上升。药物检测可以监测当地毒品供应的变化，并为现有的减少伤害措施提供信息。
