Vodova Milada, Bezdekova Jaroslava, Vaculovicova Marketa
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
Med Res Rev. 2025 Nov;45(6):1662-1678. doi: 10.1002/med.22123. Epub 2025 Jun 9.
Molecular imprinting is a very powerful tool in life science. The research areas benefiting from a wide range of capabilities of molecularly imprinted polymeric nanoparticles (nanoMIPs) include sample preparation, extraction, sensing/detection, diagnostics, and drug delivery. Recently, a new member of this family-therapy/control of cellular reactions-has arrived. Within this newest field, so far, the design and synthesis of very selective enzymatic inhibitors/activators have been described. Since enzymes act as catalysts of biochemical reactions, nanoMIPs pose enormous potential in managing biological processes. Furthermore, in recent years, articles focused on influencing cellular pathways by either interaction with cell surface receptors or by inactivation of signal molecules have begun to appear. This strategy opens a new perspective for nanoMIPs application-as selective, inexpensive, and stable therapeutics. However, there are still a lot of questions to be answered and many issues that must be addressed before the practical implementation of nanoMIPs in the therapeutic area. Among the main challenges belong safety, biodegradability, biodistribution, and clearance of nanoMIPs from the organism as well as their reproducible large-scale production in accordance with quality control. This review aims to summarize the progress in nanoMIPs development enabling them to overcome main issues and increasing their competitiveness in the therapeutic area.
分子印迹是生命科学中一种非常强大的工具。受益于分子印迹聚合物纳米颗粒（nanoMIPs）广泛功能的研究领域包括样品制备、提取、传感/检测、诊断和药物递送。最近，这个家族的一个新成员——细胞反应的治疗/控制——已经出现。在这个最新的领域中，到目前为止，已经描述了非常选择性的酶抑制剂/激活剂的设计和合成。由于酶作为生化反应的催化剂，nanoMIPs在管理生物过程中具有巨大潜力。此外，近年来，专注于通过与细胞表面受体相互作用或使信号分子失活来影响细胞途径的文章开始出现。这种策略为nanoMIPs作为选择性、廉价且稳定的治疗剂的应用开辟了新的前景。然而，在nanoMIPs在治疗领域实际应用之前，仍有许多问题需要回答，许多问题必须解决。主要挑战包括nanoMIPs的安全性、生物降解性、生物分布和从生物体中的清除，以及它们根据质量控制进行可重复的大规模生产。本综述旨在总结nanoMIPs开发的进展，使其能够克服主要问题并提高其在治疗领域的竞争力。
