Gebrhud Gerezgiher Mekonen, Degu Hewan Demissie, Tessema Eleni Shiferaw, Worojie Tsegaye Babege
Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute Addis Ababa Ethiopia.
School of Plant and Horticulture Science Hawassa University Hawassa Ethiopia.
Ecol Evol. 2025 Jun 5;15(6):e71562. doi: 10.1002/ece3.71562. eCollection 2025 Jun.
In order to implement breeding and conservation measures, it is crucial to evaluate the extent of genetic diversity. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity and population structure of 31 yam accessions collected from various agro-ecologies in Ethiopia based on 10 SSR markers. Our results showed the existence of a wide range of genetic diversity among the yam accessions. A total of 72 alleles were amplified and the number of alleles per marker ranged from 5 to 11, with an average of 7.2. The average values of expected and observed heterozygosity were 0.38 and 0.30, respectively. The average polymorphic information content per marker was found to be 0.30, indicating the markers are reasonably informative towards detecting the genetic diversity among accessions. The level of population polymorphism was found to vary from 68.06% (Sheka) to 97.22% (Bench-Maji and Gambella), with an average of 85.2% among populations. Accessions from Bench-Maji and Gambella resulted in higher values for all diversity indices; hence, this area can thus be considered a potential site for in situ conservation. Analysis of molecular variance showed that the within-population variations contributed more to the observed genetic diversity. Similar results were also evident in the multivariate analyses, in which accessions were grouped without a distinct pattern of geographic origins. The high within-population variation indicated the potentiation of on-farm diversity for establishing a breeding and conservation program.
为了实施育种和保护措施，评估遗传多样性的程度至关重要。因此，本研究旨在基于10个SSR标记评估从埃塞俄比亚不同农业生态区收集的31份山药种质的遗传多样性和群体结构。我们的结果表明，山药种质间存在广泛的遗传多样性。共扩增出72个等位基因，每个标记的等位基因数从5到11不等，平均为7.2个。预期杂合度和观察杂合度的平均值分别为0.38和0.30。每个标记的平均多态信息含量为0.30，表明这些标记对于检测种质间的遗传多样性具有一定的信息量。群体多态性水平在68.06%（谢卡）至97.22%（本奇-马吉和甘贝拉）之间变化，群体平均为85.2%。来自本奇-马吉和甘贝拉的种质在所有多样性指数上的值都较高；因此，该地区可被视为原地保护的潜在地点。分子方差分析表明，群体内变异对观察到的遗传多样性贡献更大。在多变量分析中也有类似结果，种质分组没有明显的地理起源模式。群体内的高变异表明农场内多样性对于建立育种和保护计划具有潜力。
