Bó Boróka, Ramafikeng Matumo
University College Dublin, School of Sociology, Belfield, Ireland.
University of Essex, School of Health and Social Care, 2S2.3.05, Colchester, UK.
SSM Popul Health. 2025 May 13;30:101816. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2025.101816. eCollection 2025 Jun.
While research demonstrates that social network characteristics influence the experience of persistent physical pain, existing studies primarily focus on psychological aspects and are often confined to laboratory settings. This leaves critical gaps in understanding how these dynamics unfold in real-world contexts. One such gap involves the role of discretionary time availability, a key determinant of wellbeing. This is particularly important because friendship loss has temporal dimensions, as individuals must reallocate the time once shared with friends. Using data from the Canadian Time for Health Survey, this study adopts a three-stage analytical approach. First, bivariate analyses explore the distribution of self-reported pain by socioeconomic status (SES) and friendship loss. Next, binary logistic regressions examine the relationship between friendship loss and self-reported pain, accounting for time availability and relevant sociodemographic control variables. Finally, propensity score weighting and robustness tests evaluate whether otherwise similar individuals - differing only in their experience of friendship loss - report distinct levels of persistent physical pain. This research illustrates that: (i) friendship loss is a significant predictor of persistent physical pain; (ii) respondent sociodemographic characteristics shape the experience; (iii) both time excess and time poverty increase the expected risk of pain, suggesting the presence of Temporal Goldilocks Zones. In short, physical pain is concurrently a sociotemporal phenomenon, transcending individual characteristics.
虽然研究表明社交网络特征会影响持续性身体疼痛的体验，但现有研究主要关注心理方面，且往往局限于实验室环境。这在理解这些动态如何在现实世界中展开方面留下了关键空白。其中一个空白涉及可自由支配时间的可用性，这是幸福感的一个关键决定因素。这一点尤为重要，因为失去朋友具有时间维度，因为个人必须重新分配曾经与朋友共度的时间。本研究使用加拿大健康时间调查的数据，采用三阶段分析方法。首先，双变量分析探讨自我报告的疼痛按社会经济地位（SES）和失去朋友情况的分布。其次，二元逻辑回归检验失去朋友与自我报告的疼痛之间的关系，同时考虑时间可用性和相关的社会人口统计学控制变量。最后，倾向得分加权和稳健性检验评估在其他方面相似的个体——仅在失去朋友的经历上有所不同——是否报告不同程度的持续性身体疼痛。这项研究表明：（i）失去朋友是持续性身体疼痛的一个重要预测因素；（ii）受访者的社会人口统计学特征塑造了这种体验；（iii）时间过剩和时间匮乏都会增加疼痛的预期风险，这表明存在时间上的“金发姑娘区”。简而言之，身体疼痛同时是一种社会时间现象，超越了个体特征。
