Byker Shanks Carmen, Uy Whitney Fung, Zhang Nanhua, Parks Courtney A, Fricke Hollyanne E, Resnicow Kenneth, Nugent Nadine Budd, Yaroch Amy L
Center for Nutrition & Health Impact, Omaha, Nebraska.
Cincinatti Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.
AJPM Focus. 2025 Apr 11;4(4):100348. doi: 10.1016/j.focus.2025.100348. eCollection 2025 Aug.
Populations with low income and food insecurity report low fruit and vegetable intake and high associated diet-related disease. The Gus Schumacher Nutrition Incentive Program supports grantees to implement nutrition incentive projects nationwide to provide individuals participating in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program with incentives to facilitate the purchase and consumption of fruits and vegetables. This study examines the associations between the length of Gus Schumacher Nutrition Incentive Program nutrition incentive participation and fruit and vegetable intake, food insecurity, and perceived health status.
Nutrition incentives were available to eligible participants during grantees' multiyear award period between 2020 and 2023. Sixty-five Gus Schumacher Nutrition Incentive Program grantees collected cross-sectional surveys from a convenience sample of nutrition incentive project participants.
SETTINGS/PARTICIPANTS: A total of 23,736 adult Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program recipients (aged ≥18 years) who participated in a nutrition incentive project and completed the cross-sectional survey were involved.
Nutrition incentive projects varied in implementation at grocery stores, farmers markets, and other food retail spanning across all regions of the U.S.
Main outcome measures included fruit and vegetable intake, food insecurity, and perceived health status by length of participation.
Participants in nutrition incentives at >6 months (cups per day=2.91) demonstrated significantly higher fruit and vegetable intake than first-time participants (cups per day=2.73) and those ≤6 months (cups per day=2.76). Significance (<0.05) was observed for reduced food insecurity (≤6 months versus first time [OR=0.66, 95% CI=0.60, 0.73], >6 months versus first time [OR=0.60, 95% CI=0.55, 0.65]) and better perceived health (≤6 months versus first time [OR=1.28, 95% CI=1.17, 1.41], >6 months versus first time [OR=1.48, 95% CI=1.35, 1.62]). Differences by racial and ethnic groups as well as age existed for all main outcomes.
Nutrition incentives appear to increase fruit and vegetable intake, reduce food insecurity, and result in better perceived health. They are a meaningful public health intervention to address key differences in diet-related outcomes.
低收入和粮食不安全人群报告称其水果和蔬菜摄入量较低，且与饮食相关的疾病发病率较高。格斯·舒马赫营养激励计划支持受资助者在全国范围内实施营养激励项目，为参与补充营养援助计划的个人提供激励，以促进水果和蔬菜的购买和消费。本研究探讨了格斯·舒马赫营养激励计划营养激励参与时长与水果和蔬菜摄入量、粮食不安全状况以及自我感知健康状况之间的关联。
在2020年至2023年受资助者的多年奖励期内，符合条件的参与者可获得营养激励。65个格斯·舒马赫营养激励计划受资助者从营养激励项目参与者的便利样本中收集了横断面调查数据。
研究地点/参与者：共有23736名参与营养激励项目并完成横断面调查的成年补充营养援助计划受益者（年龄≥18岁）。
营养激励项目在美国所有地区的杂货店、农贸市场和其他食品零售店的实施方式各不相同。
主要结局指标包括按参与时长划分的水果和蔬菜摄入量、粮食不安全状况以及自我感知健康状况。
参与营养激励项目超过6个月的参与者（每天摄入量为2.91杯）的水果和蔬菜摄入量显著高于首次参与者（每天摄入量为2.73杯）以及参与时长≤6个月的参与者（每天摄入量为2.76杯）。在粮食不安全状况减轻方面观察到显著差异（参与时长≤6个月与首次参与相比[比值比=0.66，95%置信区间=0.60，0.73]，超过6个月与首次参与相比[比值比=0.60，95%置信区间=0.55，0.65]），在自我感知健康状况改善方面也观察到显著差异（参与时长≤6个月与首次参与相比[比值比=1.28，95%置信区间=1.17，1.4]，超过6个月与首次参与相比[比值比=1.48，95%置信区间=1.35，1.62]）。所有主要结局在种族和族裔群体以及年龄方面均存在差异。
营养激励似乎能增加水果和蔬菜摄入量，减轻粮食不安全状况，并带来更好的自我感知健康状况。它们是一种有意义的公共卫生干预措施，可解决与饮食相关结局的关键差异。
