Molani-Gol Roghayeh, Rafraf Maryam, Asghari Jafarabadi Mohammad, Aftabi-Yousefabad Sana, Shanehbandi Dariush
Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Diabetes Obes Metab. 2025 Aug;27(8):4522-4536. doi: 10.1111/dom.16497. Epub 2025 Jun 11.
Prediabetes is a public health problem, and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. Both genetic factors and lifestyle contribute to the development and progression of prediabetes. The Omentin-1 Val109Asp polymorphism is reported to be associated with insulin resistance and obesity. Moreover, research suggests that vitamin D may help decrease the risk of developing and progressing to type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, this trial aimed to investigate the interaction between vitamin D supplementation and the Omentin-1 gene polymorphism on metabolic factors, omentin-1 levels and obesity values in women with prediabetes.
This double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted on 204 women aged 18-65 with prediabetes. After obtaining informed consent, the blood samples of all participants were analysed to determine the Omentin-1 polymorphism (Val109Asp) genotypes. The women were then randomized into intervention (n = 24) and placebo (n = 24) groups (1:1) according to each genotype of the Omentin-1 polymorphism. In total, 96 women were allocated to receive vitamin D (50 000 IU) or a placebo every two weeks for 12 weeks. Anthropometric measures, dietary intake data and physical activity level information were collected at the beginning and after the intervention. Data analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics software.
Vitamin D administration significantly increased serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), insulin, HOMA-IR, HOMA-β and QUICKI in both AT and TT genotypes (all, p < 0.001). Moreover, the serum concentration of HDL-C decreased significantly after vitamin D intervention in the AT genotype, but not in the TT genotype (p < 0.001). A significant interaction was also observed between vitamin D intervention and Omentin-1 Val109Asp polymorphism on HDL-C (p = 0.003), waist circumference (WC) (p = 0.026) and waist-to-height ratio (WHthR) (p = 0.035). However, there was no significant interplay between vitamin D and Omentin-1 polymorphism on glycaemic factors, omentin-1 levels and other lipid profiles and anthropometric measures (p ≥ 0.05).
The findings suggest that the Omentin-1 gene Val109Asp polymorphism may modify the effects of vitamin D intervention on serum HDL-C levels and abdominal obesity in women with prediabetes. Future clinical trials are necessary to clarify the influence of the Omentin-1 gene polymorphism genotype on the effects of vitamin D intervention.
糖尿病前期是一个公共卫生问题，其在全球范围内的患病率正在上升。遗传因素和生活方式都对糖尿病前期的发生和发展有影响。据报道，网膜素-1 Val109Asp多态性与胰岛素抵抗和肥胖有关。此外，研究表明维生素D可能有助于降低发生2型糖尿病并进展为2型糖尿病的风险。因此，本试验旨在研究补充维生素D与网膜素-1基因多态性之间对糖尿病前期女性代谢因素、网膜素-1水平和肥胖值的相互作用。
本双盲随机对照试验对204名年龄在18 - 65岁的糖尿病前期女性进行。在获得知情同意后，对所有参与者的血样进行分析以确定网膜素-1多态性（Val109Asp）基因型。然后根据网膜素-1多态性的每种基因型将这些女性随机分为干预组（n = 24）和安慰剂组（n = 24）（1:1）。共有96名女性被分配接受每两周一次的维生素D（50000 IU）或安慰剂，持续12周。在干预开始时和干预后收集人体测量指标、饮食摄入数据和身体活动水平信息。使用IBM SPSS Statistics软件进行数据分析。
在AT和TT基因型中，维生素D给药均显著提高了血清25-羟基维生素D（25(OH)D）、胰岛素、HOMA-IR、HOMA-β和QUICKI水平（均为p < 0.001）。此外，在AT基因型中，维生素D干预后HDL-C的血清浓度显著降低，但在TT基因型中未降低（p < 0.001）。在HDL-C（p = 0.003）、腰围（WC）（p = 0.026）和腰高比（WHthR）（p = 0.035）方面，还观察到维生素D干预与网膜素-1 Val109Asp多态性之间存在显著相互作用。然而，在血糖因素、网膜素-1水平以及其他血脂谱和人体测量指标方面，维生素D与网膜素-1多态性之间没有显著的相互作用（p≥0.05）。
研究结果表明，网膜素-1基因Val109Asp多态性可能会改变维生素D干预对糖尿病前期女性血清HDL-C水平和腹部肥胖的影响。未来有必要进行临床试验以阐明网膜素-1基因多态性基因型对维生素D干预效果的影响。
