Frank R, Fontaine G, Vanetti A
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss. 1977 Mar;70(3):213-8.
The use of a system of electronic potentials for locating the bundle of His during open heart operations has provided a means for localising the conducting pathways so that they are not damaged during surgery. The designing of a special apparatus for this purpose has made it especially suitable for use in man, and it increases the ECC time by only a few minutes. The apparatus consists essentially of electrodes designed specially for the purpose, a cardiac stimulator and a calibrated oscilloscope with an electrostatic memory. The effectiveness of this technique has been confirmed in a preliminary series of 15 cases.