Sobek Grzegorz, Jagielski Paweł, Dąbrowski Mariusz, Mazur Artur
Faculty of Health Sciences and Psychology, Collegium Medicum, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland.
Department of Nutrition and Drug Research, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow 31-066, Poland.
Pediatr Diabetes. 2025 Jun 4;2025:5563863. doi: 10.1155/pedi/5563863. eCollection 2025.
Olfactory dysfunction may be one of the clinical symptoms of neuropathy in diabetics. It is also known that taste and smell disorders in diabetes may impact dietary adherence and, consequently, good glycemic control. The study aimed to investigate taste perception and olfactory function in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) compared to the control group. The study was conducted on patients aged 11-15 from south-eastern Poland with T1D in the diabetes clinic of the 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, and Diabetology of the Provincial Clinical Hospital No. 2 in Rzeszów. Taste strips (sweet, salty, sour, and bitter), -Sniff sticks (12 selected smells), and a filter paper strip impregnated with n-propylthiouracil (PROP) were used. No significant differences were observed between both the groups in the taste tests, except for the sweet taste test. The sweet taste test scores were higher for diabetes, for whom the median score was 4 (3.0-4.0), than for the control group, for whom the median score was 3.0 (3.0-4.0), (=0.0001). These results mean that diabetics were more sensitive to sweet taste. We also found no significant differences between T1D and the control group of the -Sniff test. However, significantly lower -Sniff test scores were seen in adolescents with diabetes of more than 10 years. Median -Sniff test scores for people with diabetes for 10 years were 11 (10.0-12.0) while in the control group median was 10.0 (9.0-12.0), (=0.0370). The analysis also showed that adolescents suffering from long-term T1D more often incorrectly identified bitter tastes than healthy adolescents. The duration of diabetes is important regarding changes in taste perception and olfactory function in adolescents with diabetes.
嗅觉功能障碍可能是糖尿病患者神经病变的临床症状之一。众所周知，糖尿病患者的味觉和嗅觉障碍可能会影响饮食依从性，进而影响血糖的良好控制。本研究旨在比较1型糖尿病（T1D）青少年与对照组的味觉感知和嗅觉功能。该研究在波兰东南部11 - 15岁的T1D患者中进行，这些患者来自热舒夫市第二省级临床医院儿科、内分泌科和糖尿病科第二科室的糖尿病诊所。使用了味条（甜、咸、酸和苦）、嗅觉棒（12种选定气味）以及浸渍有丙基硫氧嘧啶（PROP）的滤纸。除甜味测试外，两组在味觉测试中未观察到显著差异。糖尿病组的甜味测试得分更高，其中位数为4（3.0 - 4.0），而对照组的中位数为3.0（3.0 - 4.0），（=0.0001）。这些结果意味着糖尿病患者对甜味更敏感。我们还发现T1D组和对照组在嗅觉测试中没有显著差异。然而，病程超过10年的糖尿病青少年的嗅觉测试得分显著更低。病程10年的糖尿病患者的嗅觉测试中位数为11（10.0 - 12.0），而对照组中位数为10.0（9.0 - 12.0），（=0.0370）。分析还表明，长期患T1D的青少年比健康青少年更常错误识别苦味。糖尿病病程对于糖尿病青少年的味觉感知和嗅觉功能变化很重要。
