Magdy Marwa, Aboelnga Mohamed M, Deyab Aya, Semida Aliaa, Rizk Rawan, Elseady Nada, Hashesh Mona Abo, Elbayoumy Elsayed
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University New Damietta 34517 Egypt
King Salman International University, Faculty of Basic Sciences Ras Sudr South Sinai 46612 Egypt.
RSC Adv. 2025 Jun 11;15(25):19843-19858. doi: 10.1039/d5ra02950c. eCollection 2025 Jun 10.
Water contamination caused by synthetic dyes is a growing environmental concern, necessitating the development of effective and sustainable remediation technologies. In this study, poly(divinylbenzene) (poly(DVB)) was synthesized suspension polymerization and evaluated as a novel adsorbent for the removal of Brilliant Green (BG) dye from aqueous solutions. Characterization techniques including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis confirmed the polymer's porous morphology, thermal stability, and adsorption potential. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to assess the influence of key operational parameters, and the results showed that the highest removal efficiency of 97.4% was achieved under optimal conditions of pH 7, temperature 298 K, contact time of 120 minutes, initial dye concentration of 7.5 mg L and adsorbent dose of 0.05 g 10 ml. The adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model, suggesting that chemisorption dominates the process, while isotherm modeling indicated that monolayer adsorption occurred on a homogeneous surface, as described by the Langmuir model. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous, confirming enhanced dye-polymer interactions at elevated temperatures. DFT calculations were then applied to provide novel atomistic details that should help in better understanding of the chemical interaction that takes place between the dye and the adsorbent. Furthermore, regeneration studies demonstrated that poly(DVB) was sustainable and can be reused for up to four cycles, supporting its feasibility for real-world wastewater treatment applications. Comparisons with previously reported adsorbents highlighted the superior performance of poly(DVB), making it a promising, adsorbent for dye removal from contaminated water.
合成染料造成的水污染日益引起环境关注，因此需要开发有效且可持续的修复技术。在本研究中，通过悬浮聚合法合成了聚（二乙烯基苯）（聚DVB），并将其评估为从水溶液中去除亮绿（BG）染料的新型吸附剂。包括傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、热重分析（TGA）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）和布鲁诺尔-埃米特-特勒（BET）表面积分析在内的表征技术证实了该聚合物的多孔形态、热稳定性和吸附潜力。进行了批量吸附实验以评估关键操作参数的影响，结果表明，在pH值7、温度298 K、接触时间120分钟、初始染料浓度7.5 mg/L和吸附剂剂量0.05 g/10 ml的最佳条件下，去除效率最高可达97.4%。吸附动力学遵循准二级模型，表明化学吸附主导该过程，而异等温线模型表明如朗缪尔模型所述，在均匀表面上发生单层吸附。热力学分析表明吸附过程是吸热且自发的，证实了在升高温度下染料与聚合物之间的相互作用增强。然后应用密度泛函理论（DFT）计算提供新的原子细节，这有助于更好地理解染料与吸附剂之间发生的化学相互作用。此外，再生研究表明聚DVB是可持续的，可重复使用多达四个循环，并支持其在实际废水处理应用中的可行性。与先前报道的吸附剂的比较突出了聚DVB的优异性能，使其成为从受污染水中去除染料的有前途的吸附剂。
