Annabi Khouloud, Haouala Faouzi, Hamrita AbdelKarim, Kouki Rania, Laabidi Foued, Rejili Mokhtar, Akef Bziouech Samra, Mezghani Aïachi Mouna
Research Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Ecotoxicology "LR21AGR02", Higher Agronomic Institute of Chott Mariem, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia.
Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jun 3;14(11):1707. doi: 10.3390/plants14111707.
Efficient fruit production, quality improvement, and timely harvesting are essential in olive cultivation, which requires optimised distribution and management of fruiting sites. This study aimed to support sustainable olive crop management by analysing the morphological characteristics of five cultivars (, , , , and ) under semi-arid Tunisian conditions. Through a detailed architectural analysis, we investigated the relationships between branching patterns, density, distribution of inflorescence and fruit sites, biometric traits (shoot length, internode number, and shoot dimensions), and geometric variability within each cultivar. Three trees per cultivar were analysed across three architectural units. The results showed marked architectural differences, highlighting the need for cultivar-specific strategies in planting, pruning, and orchard management. The distribution of shoots across botanical orders revealed unique branching patterns: and showed thinner shoots and higher shoot density, reflecting strong apical dominance and their suitability for hyper-intensive systems. In addition, nonsignificant differences in long shoots' insertion angles between , , and suggest compatibility for co-cultivation, facilitating mechanised maintenance and harvesting. Emphasis on inter-cultivar compatibility and architectural coherence is crucial for orchard design. These findings provide important insights for optimising orchard management practices to improve productivity, fruit quality, and operational efficiency.
高效的果实生产、品质提升和适时采收在橄榄种植中至关重要，这需要对结果部位进行优化分布和管理。本研究旨在通过分析突尼斯半干旱条件下五个品种（、、、和）的形态特征，来支持可持续的橄榄作物管理。通过详细的结构分析，我们研究了每个品种内分枝模式、密度、花序和果实部位分布、生物特征（枝长、节数和枝条尺寸）以及几何变异性之间的关系。每个品种选取三棵树， across three architectural units（此处原文有误，无法准确翻译）进行分析。结果显示出明显的结构差异，突出了在种植、修剪和果园管理中针对特定品种制定策略的必要性。不同植物序上枝条的分布呈现出独特的分枝模式：和的枝条较细且枝条密度较高，反映出较强的顶端优势以及它们对超密植系统的适应性。此外，、和之间长枝着生角度的差异不显著，表明它们适合间作，便于机械化维护和采收。强调品种间的兼容性和结构连贯性对于果园设计至关重要。这些发现为优化果园管理实践以提高产量、果实品质和运营效率提供了重要见解。
