Gryboś Anna, Staniszewska Patrycja, Bryś Maciej Sylwester, Strachecka Aneta
Department of Invertebrate Ecophysiology and Experimental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Doświadczalna 50a, 20-280 Lublin, Poland.
Molecules. 2025 May 29;30(11):2369. doi: 10.3390/molecules30112369.
A honeybee () colony is a superorganism of complex social dynamics. Within the colony, communication between individuals and castes is crucial for maintaining homeostasis. Such complex interactions are possible thanks to semiochemicals called pheromones. The spectrum of pheromonal communication in bee colonies is wide and differs between castes, especially the queen and the workers. Gland morphology and compounds of secretions result in alterations in both physiological and behavioral responses to certain pheromones in castes. The queen's glands produce pheromones that maintain her reign and induce division of labor among workers. Workers' pheromones are adapted to multiple tasks performed by this caste within the colony. This review outlines a neurophysiological pathway in the perception pheromone molecule, with a specific description of the individual anatomical structures essential for the path, such as the morphology of antennae, sensilla, antennal lobes and mushroom bodies. Later on, the study provides insight into specific aspects of the differences between the two castes (queen and workers) in terms of complex pheromonal communication in the hive, by describing the pheromones present in it (QMP, tergal gland pheromone, Dufour gland pheromone, Nasonov pheromone, sting alarm pheromone and tarsal gland pheromone).
一个蜜蜂群体是一个具有复杂社会动态的超个体。在蜂群内部，个体与不同蜂型之间的交流对于维持体内平衡至关重要。多亏了被称为信息素的化学信号，这种复杂的相互作用才得以实现。蜜蜂群体中信息素交流的范围很广，且不同蜂型之间存在差异，尤其是蜂王和工蜂。腺体形态和分泌物的化合物会导致不同蜂型对某些信息素的生理和行为反应发生改变。蜂王的腺体分泌信息素，维持其统治地位，并诱导工蜂进行分工。工蜂的信息素则适应于该蜂型在蜂群中执行的多项任务。本综述概述了信息素分子感知中的神经生理途径，并具体描述了该途径所必需的各个解剖结构，如触角、感觉器、触角叶和蕈形体的形态。随后，该研究通过描述蜂群中存在的信息素（蜂王物质、背板腺信息素、杜氏腺信息素、纳氏信息素、螫针报警信息素和跗节腺信息素），深入探讨了蜂群中蜂王和工蜂这两种蜂型在复杂信息素交流方面的具体差异。
