Umar Muhammad, Khan Sher Ali
Department of Pulmonology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan.
IJID Reg. 2025 Apr 30;15:100658. doi: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100658. eCollection 2025 Jun.
This study aimed to determine the antibiotic resistance patterns, clinical outcomes, and factors influencing treatment outcomes in patients with empyema thoracis (ET).
A total of 294 patients with ET (65.9% males, 34.1% females; mean age 47.9 ± 17.1 years) were included. Predisposing factors, comorbidities, microbial pathogens, and antibiotic resistance patterns were analyzed. Clinical improvement and associations with demographic and clinical variables were statistically evaluated.
Pulmonary parenchymal infection (68.2%) was the most common predisposing factor, followed by postoperative empyema (11.2%). Rural residency (64.3%), biomass exposure (71.0%), and non-smoking status (75.2%) were prevalent. Community-acquired empyema was observed in 72.2% of cases, and clinical improvement was achieved in 59.18%. (45 cases), (32 cases), and (23 cases) were the most frequently isolated pathogens. Significant associations were found between no clinical improvement and male gender, rural residency, smoking, biomass exposure, and microorganism presence ( <0.05). Antibiotic susceptibility testing highlighted variable resistance patterns.
ET remains a significant clinical challenge, with community-acquired infections and predominating. Effective antibiotic stewardship and targeted management strategies are essential to improving outcomes, especially in high-risk populations.
本研究旨在确定脓胸（ET）患者的抗生素耐药模式、临床结局以及影响治疗结局的因素。
共纳入294例ET患者（男性占65.9%，女性占34.1%；平均年龄47.9±17.1岁）。分析了易感因素、合并症、微生物病原体和抗生素耐药模式。对临床改善情况以及与人口统计学和临床变量的相关性进行了统计学评估。
肺实质感染（68.2%）是最常见的易感因素，其次是术后脓胸（11.2%）。农村居民（64.3%）、接触生物质（71.0%）和非吸烟状态（75.2%）较为普遍。72.2%的病例为社区获得性脓胸，59.18%（45例）实现了临床改善。 （32例）、 （23例）是最常分离出的病原体。未实现临床改善与男性性别、农村居民、吸烟、接触生物质和微生物存在之间存在显著相关性（<0.05）。抗生素敏感性测试突出了不同的耐药模式。
ET仍然是一项重大的临床挑战，社区获得性感染和 占主导地位。有效的抗生素管理和针对性的管理策略对于改善结局至关重要，尤其是在高危人群中。
