年龄和生活方式因素与西班牙医护人员对新冠疫苗BNT162b2抗体反应的负相关关系。
Negative associations of age and lifestyle factors with the antibody response to the COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b2 in health workers from Spain.
作者信息
Sarabia de Ardanaz Luis, Serrano-Conde Esther, Fuentes Ana, Leyva Alba, García Federico, Requena Pilar
机构信息
Universidad de Granada, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Granada, Spain.
Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario de Jaén, Jaén, Spain.
出版信息
Front Immunol. 2025 May 30;16:1590939. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1590939. eCollection 2025.
INTRODUCTION
Despite the high efficacy of the anti-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) BNT162b2 vaccine (Comirnaty, Pfizer-BioNTech), variability in the antibody titers following vaccination has been described. However, little is known about the risk factors that are associated with a poorer antibody response to the BNT162b2 vaccine.
METHODOLOGY
We studied the determinants of the humoral response to the anti-COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b2 in 200 healthcare workers followed up for 2 years. Serum samples were tested for the anti-spike immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels and neutralizing antibody titers against selected severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants at different time points after primary and booster vaccinations. Anthropometric data and clinical and lifestyle information were also collected. Statistical analyses consisted of linear and logistical regressions for point estimations and the Mann-Whitney, Friedman, and generalized estimating equations for repeated measures.
RESULTS
After the primary vaccination, the antibody titers and the percentage of seroconverted individuals peaked at 5 weeks but declined after 1 year; however, they remained high after the booster administration. After the first dose of the vaccine, negative associations of the anti-spike IgG levels with age ( = -0.01, 95%CI = -0.03 to -0.003), smoking habit ( = -1.08, 95%CI = -1.70 to -0.46), and alcohol consumption ( = -1.43, 95%CI = -2.20 to -0.65) were found. With regard to the booster vaccine, the following associations were retained in the stepwise multivariate model: anti-Delta neutralizing antibodies with hip circumference (OR = 1.07, 95%CI = 1.01-1.12, = 0.008), anti-Delta-K antibodies with hip circumference (OR = 1.06, 95%CI = 1.01-1.11, = 0.007), and anti-Omicron antibodies with the Mediterranean diet score (OR = 0.74, 95%CI = 0.58-0.96, = 0.023).
CONCLUSION
Lifestyle habits and age had an association with the humoral response to the BNT162b2 vaccine.
引言
尽管2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）BNT162b2疫苗（Comirnaty，辉瑞-生物科技公司）具有高效性，但接种疫苗后的抗体滴度存在差异。然而，关于与BNT162b2疫苗抗体反应较差相关的风险因素知之甚少。
方法
我们研究了200名医护人员对COVID-19疫苗BNT162b2的体液免疫反应的决定因素，随访2年。在初次和加强接种后的不同时间点，检测血清样本中的抗刺突免疫球蛋白G（IgG）水平以及针对选定的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）变异株的中和抗体滴度。还收集了人体测量数据以及临床和生活方式信息。统计分析包括用于点估计的线性和逻辑回归以及用于重复测量的曼-惠特尼检验、弗里德曼检验和广义估计方程。
结果
初次接种后，抗体滴度和血清转化个体的百分比在5周时达到峰值，但在1年后下降；然而，加强接种后它们仍保持在较高水平。在接种第一剂疫苗后，发现抗刺突IgG水平与年龄（β = -0.01，95%置信区间 = -0.03至 -0.003）、吸烟习惯（β = -1.08，95%置信区间 = -1.70至 -0.46）和饮酒量（β = -1.43，95%置信区间 = -2.20至 -0.65）呈负相关。关于加强疫苗，在逐步多变量模型中保留了以下关联：抗德尔塔中和抗体与臀围（比值比 = 1.07，95%置信区间 = 1.01 - 1.12，P = 0.008）、抗德尔塔-K抗体与臀围（比值比 = 1.06，95%置信区间 = 1.01 - 1.11，P = 0.007）以及抗奥密克戎抗体与地中海饮食评分（比值比 = 0.74，95%置信区间 = 0.58 - 0.96，P = 0.023）。
结论
生活方式习惯和年龄与BNT162b2疫苗的体液免疫反应有关。
Zotero 插件