Jalili Ali, Kolliopoulos Georgios
Department of Mining, Metallurgical, and Materials Engineering, Université Laval, Québec, QC Canada.
NPJ Clean Water. 2025;8(1):52. doi: 10.1038/s41545-025-00484-0. Epub 2025 Jun 12.
Hydrate-based desalination (HBD) has emerged as a promising technology among conventional desalination methods due to its low energy consumption, wide operating window with regards to total dissolved solids (TDS), and efficient water recovery. This paper provides an in-depth review of the fundamental properties of hydrates, including thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of their formation. Then, it delves into recent advancements in thermodynamic and kinetic hydrate promoters that aim to address HBD's main challenge, which is the slow hydrate formation process. Subsequently, the review systematically examines environmental and toxicity concerns associated with chemicals used in HBD, addressing the growing demand for sustainable and biodegradable desalination solutions. Finally, a comparative analysis between HBD and conventional methods highlights its potential as an energy-efficient and selective desalination process poised to enhance sustainability within the water-energy-environment nexus.
基于水合物的海水淡化（HBD）由于其低能耗、在总溶解固体（TDS）方面较宽的操作窗口以及高效的水回收，已成为传统海水淡化方法中一项很有前景的技术。本文深入综述了水合物的基本性质，包括其形成的热力学和动力学方面。然后，探讨了热力学和动力学水合物促进剂的最新进展，这些促进剂旨在应对HBD的主要挑战，即缓慢的水合物形成过程。随后，该综述系统地研究了与HBD中使用的化学品相关的环境和毒性问题，以满足对可持续和可生物降解海水淡化解决方案日益增长的需求。最后，HBD与传统方法之间的比较分析突出了其作为一种节能且选择性的海水淡化工艺的潜力，有望在水 - 能源 - 环境关系中增强可持续性。
