Satapathy Prakasini, Gaidhane Abhay M, Vadia Nasir, Menon Soumya V, Chennakesavulu Kattela, Panigrahi Rajashree, Bushi Ganesh, Singh Mahendra, Sah Sanjit, Turkar Awakash, Rao S Govinda, Goh Khang Wen, Shabil Muhammed, Mawejje Edward
Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia.
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol X. 2025 May 17;26:100398. doi: 10.1016/j.eurox.2025.100398. eCollection 2025 Jun.
Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy (HDP) are a significant global health concern, affecting 5-10 % of pregnancies and contributing to maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality. While various factors, including genetics and physiological changes, influence the development of HDP, emerging evidence suggests a strong association with psychosocial stressors, particularly exposure to violence. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the association between exposure to violence and risk of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.
A literature review was performed across EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science from their inception until October 2024. The review included observational studies that examined exposure to various type of violence and their association with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. Pooled effect estimates, including odds ratios (ORs) and relative risks (RRs) were computed using a random-effects model.
Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis revealed that violence exposure during pregnancy was associated with a significantly increased risk of HDP, with a pooled OR of 1.380 (95 % CI: 1.079-1.765) and a pooled RR of 1.235 (95 % CI: 1.074-1.420). Subgroup analysis indicated that cohort studies demonstrated a stronger association (OR: 1.726, 95 % CI: 1.182-2.519) compared to cross-sectional studies (OR: 1.112, 95 % CI: 1.009-1.226).
Experiencing violence during pregnancy is significantly linked to a heightened risk of HDP, indicating the need for regular violence screening and early preventive measures in prenatal care. Public health initiatives focused on reducing violence against women, especially during pregnancy, are crucial for improving maternal health and lowering the incidence of hypertensive complications.
妊娠期高血压疾病（HDP）是一个重大的全球健康问题，影响5%-10%的妊娠，并导致孕产妇和新生儿发病及死亡。虽然包括遗传和生理变化在内的多种因素会影响HDP的发生，但新出现的证据表明，其与心理社会压力源密切相关，尤其是遭受暴力。本荟萃分析旨在评估遭受暴力与妊娠期高血压疾病风险之间的关联。
对EMBASE、PubMed和Web of Science自创建至2024年10月的文献进行综述。该综述纳入了观察性研究，这些研究考察了暴露于各种类型暴力及其与妊娠期高血压疾病的关联。使用随机效应模型计算合并效应估计值，包括比值比（OR）和相对风险（RR）。
16项研究符合纳入标准。荟萃分析显示，孕期遭受暴力与HDP风险显著增加相关，合并OR为1.380（95%CI：1.079-1.765），合并RR为1.235（95%CI：1.074-1.420）。亚组分析表明，队列研究显示的关联更强（OR：1.726，95%CI：1.182-2.519），高于横断面研究（OR：1.112，95%CI：1.009-1.226）。
孕期遭受暴力与HDP风险显著增加密切相关，这表明在产前护理中需要定期进行暴力筛查和早期预防措施。关注减少针对妇女的暴力行为的公共卫生举措，尤其是在孕期，对于改善孕产妇健康和降低高血压并发症的发生率至关重要。
