Imchen Sangroyangla, Latha S, Kannappan Sujatha R
Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Nitte Usha Institute of Nursing Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Paneer, Derlakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
Department of Child Health Nursing, Nitte Usha Institute of Nursing Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Paneer, Derlakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2025 May 8;30(3):426-432. doi: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_40_24. eCollection 2025 May-Jun.
Diabetics face a higher risk of stroke, and the numbers are rising. In men, gender-specific factors such as lower age and body mass index, and in women, obesity and psychosocial stress contribute to a high risk of stroke. For effective prevention, it is crucial to identify and address these risk factors.
The electronic medical records between January 2017 and December 2021 of previously diagnosed diabetic patients were obtained from a tertiary care hospital in Mangaluru, South India. It was scrutinized from (January 3, 2022, to March 12, 2022) using a validated checklist consisting of 28 items to identify the contributing factors of stroke (CVI = 0.9 and Cronbach's alpha value = 0.83) Descriptive statistics and inferential tests such as the Chi-square, Fisher's exact, and odds ratio (OR) were used.
Out of 3152, 569 suffered a stroke, while the remaining 2583 did not have a stroke. Out of 569, the majority were males (63.9%). It was found that coronary artery disease (CAD) (OR: 1.43, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10-2.07), use of alcohol (OR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.09-2.29), and smoking (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.29-2.80) were associated with the risk of stroke in men.
The present study found that CAD and unhealthy habits such as the use of alcohol and smoking have a significant influence on the development of stroke among men and women with diabetes. Effective implementation of programs through early detection, comprehensive management, and prevention requires collaboration among healthcare professionals, researchers, policymakers, and educators.
糖尿病患者面临更高的中风风险，且这一数字正在上升。在男性中，年龄较低和体重指数等特定性别因素，以及在女性中，肥胖和心理社会压力导致中风风险较高。为了有效预防，识别和解决这些风险因素至关重要。
从印度南部芒格洛尔的一家三级护理医院获取了2017年1月至2021年12月期间先前诊断为糖尿病患者的电子病历。在2022年1月3日至2022年3月12日期间，使用一份由28项内容组成的经过验证的清单对其进行审查，以识别中风的促成因素（内容效度指数=0.9，克朗巴哈系数值=0.83）。使用了描述性统计和推断性检验，如卡方检验、费舍尔精确检验和比值比（OR）。
在3152名患者中，569人中风，其余2583人未中风。在569名中风患者中，大多数为男性（63.9%）。研究发现，冠状动脉疾病（CAD）（OR：1.43，95%置信区间（CI）：0.10 - 2.07）、饮酒（OR：1.58，95%CI：1.09 - 2.29）和吸烟（OR：1.9，95%CI：1.29 - 2.80）与男性中风风险相关。
本研究发现，CAD以及饮酒和吸烟等不健康习惯对糖尿病男性和女性中风的发生有重大影响。通过早期检测、综合管理和预防有效实施相关项目需要医疗保健专业人员、研究人员、政策制定者和教育工作者之间的合作。
