聚环氧乙烷-聚己内酯-α-生育酚琥珀酸酯胶束作为雷帕霉素递送新型纳米载体的研发、表征及评价
Development, characterization, and evaluation of poly(ethylene oxide)--poly(ε-caprolactone)-α-tocopheryl succinate micelles as a novel nanocarrier for rapamycin delivery.
作者信息
Binkhathlan Ziyad, Alshememry Abdullah K, Balkhair Ahmad M, Ali Raisuddin, Alhudaithi Sulaiman S, Alobid Saad, Qamar Wajhul, Aodah Alhassan H, Vakili Mohammad Reza, Lavasanifar Afsaneh
机构信息
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Nanobiotechnology Research Unit, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
出版信息
Int J Pharm X. 2025 May 29;9:100341. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2025.100341. eCollection 2025 Jun.
Rapamycin holds significant therapeutic potential for various diseases; however, its clinical application is limited by several formulation challenges, primarily its extremely low aqueous solubility (2.6 μg/mL). To address this, nanoparticle-based delivery systems have emerged as a promising strategy to enhance solubility and enable sustained drug release. Currently, Fyarro® (Aadi Bioscience, Inc.), an albumin-bound nanoparticle formulation, is the only FDA-approved injectable rapamycin product. In this study, we aimed to develop and evaluate novel poly(ethylene oxide)--poly(ε-caprolactone)-α-tocopheryl succinate (PEO--PCL-α-TS) micelles and assess their potential as a delivery system for rapamycin. PEO--PCL copolymers with varying PCL/PEO ratios were prepared ring-opening polymerization and modified by α-TS conjugation, as confirmed by H NMR, GPC, XRD, DSC analyses. The optimum rapamycin-loaded micelles (PEO--PCL-α-TS) exhibited nano-sized particles (< 22 nm) with a narrow polydispersity index (<0.29), high drug encapsulation efficiency (≥92 %), and enhanced solubility (>1.3 mg/mL). Stability studies demonstrated that encapsulation protected rapamycin from degradation, maintaining over 90 % drug retention for three months at 4 °C, while release studies showed sustained release, with 50 % of rapamycin released from PEO--PCL-α-TS micelles over 72 h. cytotoxicity assays revealed anticancer activity against lung carcinoma epithelial cells (A549), and the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line (HCT116). Minimal toxicity (≥70 % viability) was observed in normal human fibroblast cells (HFF1). These results point to the potential of PEO--PCL-α-TS micelles as a promising nanocarrier system, offering improved rapamycin solubility, enhanced stability, sustained release, and effective anticancer activity.
雷帕霉素对多种疾病具有显著的治疗潜力;然而,其临床应用受到多种制剂挑战的限制,主要是其极低的水溶性(2.6μg/mL)。为了解决这一问题,基于纳米颗粒的递送系统已成为一种有前景的提高溶解度和实现药物持续释放的策略。目前,Fyarro®(Aadi Bioscience公司),一种白蛋白结合纳米颗粒制剂,是唯一获得美国食品药品监督管理局批准的注射用雷帕霉素产品。在本研究中,我们旨在开发和评估新型聚环氧乙烷-聚己内酯-α-生育酚琥珀酸酯(PEO-PCL-α-TS)胶束,并评估其作为雷帕霉素递送系统的潜力。通过开环聚合制备了具有不同PCL/PEO比例的PEO-PCL共聚物,并通过α-TS共轭进行改性,1H NMR、GPC、XRD、DSC分析证实了这一点。最佳载雷帕霉素胶束(PEO-PCL-α-TS)表现出纳米尺寸的颗粒(<22nm),具有窄的多分散指数(<0.29)、高的药物包封效率(≥92%)和增强的溶解度(>1.3mg/mL)。稳定性研究表明,包封可保护雷帕霉素不被降解,在4°C下三个月内药物保留率维持在90%以上,而释放研究表明其具有持续释放特性,72小时内50%的雷帕霉素从PEO-PCL-α-TS胶束中释放。细胞毒性试验显示对肺癌上皮细胞(A549)和人结肠腺癌细胞系(HCT116)具有抗癌活性。在正常人成纤维细胞(HFF1)中观察到最小毒性(≥70%活力)。这些结果表明PEO-PCL-α-TS胶束作为一种有前景的纳米载体系统具有潜力,可提高雷帕霉素的溶解度、增强稳定性、实现持续释放并具有有效的抗癌活性。
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