Li Zhen, Guan Shuaiyin, Zhao Jiaying, Chen Yuhuan, Han Yang, Tian Ang, Zhou Saisai, Chen Huanchun, Song Yunfeng
State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
Arch Virol. 2025 Jun 16;170(7):158. doi: 10.1007/s00705-025-06351-0.
Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) and porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3) are considered a threat to the pig industry due to their association with growth retardation and reproductive disorders. In this study, we developed a multiplex real-time PCR (qPCR) assay for simultaneous detection of PCV2 and PCV3 and used it to investigate the epidemiology of PCV2 and PCV3 at different stages of pig production. The sensitivity of the multiplex qPCR was 4.32 × 10copies/µL for PCV2 and 1.01 × 10copies/µL for PCV3, and the coefficient of variation was less than 1%. The correlation coefficients (R) of the standard curves were all greater than 0.990. Out of 1241 samples tested, nine (0.73%) were positive for PCV2, 209 (16.84%) for PCV3, and three (0.24%) for both. PCV2 was detected in saliva from asymptomatic gilts on one farm, and PCV3 was detected in all sample types except semen at all production stages on all of the farms where samples were collected. The main sample types that tested positive were saliva (23.19%, 77/322), blood (17.80%, 102/573), saliva/blood mixture (18.75%, 9/48), and pigpen swabs (32.14%, 9/28). Viral loads ranged from 10 to 10 copies/mL. Gilts (37.85%, 81/214) and grow-finish pigs (42.25%, 30/71) were the main asymptomatic PCV3 carriers. Piglets (16.67%, 3/18) and nursery pigs (22.73%, 5/22) were the main symptomatic PCV3 carriers. The assay described here is a practical and sensitive diagnostic technique for identification and monitoring of PCV2 and PCV3 infections and can provide new information on the epidemiology of PCV2 and PCV3 that can be applied for developing effective prevention and control strategies.
猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）和猪圆环病毒3型（PCV3）因其与生长发育迟缓及繁殖障碍有关，被认为对养猪业构成威胁。在本研究中，我们开发了一种多重实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）检测方法，用于同时检测PCV2和PCV3，并利用该方法调查猪生产不同阶段PCV2和PCV3的流行病学情况。多重qPCR对PCV2的灵敏度为4.32×10拷贝/微升，对PCV3为1.01×10拷贝/微升，变异系数小于1%。标准曲线的相关系数（R）均大于0.990。在检测的1241份样本中，9份（0.73%）PCV2呈阳性，209份（16.84%）PCV3呈阳性，3份（0.24%）两者均呈阳性。在一个猪场的无症状后备母猪唾液中检测到PCV2，在采集样本的所有猪场的所有生产阶段，除精液外的所有样本类型中均检测到PCV3。检测呈阳性的主要样本类型为唾液（23.19%，77/322）、血液（17.80%，102/573）、唾液/血液混合物（18.75%，9/48）和猪舍拭子（32.14%，9/28）。病毒载量范围为10至10拷贝/毫升。后备母猪（37.85%，81/214）和生长育肥猪（42.25%，30/71）是主要的无症状PCV3携带者。仔猪（16.67%，3/18）和保育猪（22.73%，5/22）是主要的有症状PCV3携带者。本文所述检测方法是一种实用且灵敏的诊断技术，用于鉴定和监测PCV2和PCV3感染，并可为PCV2和PCV3的流行病学提供新信息，可应用于制定有效的预防和控制策略。
