Effect of ultraviolet light on thymidine incorporation, DNA chain elongation and replicon initiation in wild-type and excision-deficient Chinese hamster ovary cells.

Wild-type Chinese hamster ovary cells (AA8) and five excision-deficient clones derived from the AA8 line (UV-4, UV-5, UV-20, UV-24 and UV-41) were exposed to ultraviolet light and then analyzed for their ability to incorporate [3H]thymidine and to initiate as well as elongate replicon-sized DNA fragments. After exposure to ultraviolet light, all cell lines exhibited a depression in the rate of thymidine incorporation. For exposures of 4.0 J/m2 or higher the wild-type cells recovered normal rates of thymidine incorporation within a few hours, while none of the excision-deficient lines exhibited complete recovery. For fluences below 4.0 J/m2 all but the UV-5 line exhibited at least some recovery. The ability to elongate DNA chains appeared to correlate with the thymidine incorporation data, with the UV-5 line exhibiting the strongest blockage of DNA chain elongation, the AA8 line exhibiting the least blockage, and the UV-20 line exhibiting an intermediate response. All cell lines exhibited a decrease in the distance between replication origins, thus supporting models which propose that exposure to ultraviolet light results in the use of alternative sites for the initiation of replication.