Smarlamaki Rafaela, Koutsoumpi Eleni-Andromachi, Psaltopoulou Theodora, Kalarakis Georgios, Theodossiadis Panagiotis, Georgalas Ilias, Peponis Vasileios, Chatziralli Irini, Sergentanis Theodoros N
Department of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmiatreio Athens Hospital, Athens, GRC.
Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, GRC.
Cureus. 2025 May 16;17(5):e84212. doi: 10.7759/cureus.84212. eCollection 2025 May.
Pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME) is a common side effect following cataract surgery, especially in patients with systemic and/or ocular comorbidities. Research evidence has established the impact of cataract surgery on PCME occurrence; various risk factors could contribute to PCME development, as indicated by epidemiological studies. This research aims to examine the cumulative incidence of PCME and explore the correlation between PCME occurrence, ophthalmic, systemic, and surgery-related risk factors after uncomplicated cataract surgery. PubMed and EMBASE databases were used for this systematic search (end-date of search: March 31, 2024). Random-effects (DerSimonian-Laird) models were used to estimate the pooled cumulative incidence, pooled relative risk (RR), and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses, and meta-regression analyses were also carried out. The meta-analysis concerning cumulative PCME incidence included 143 studies. Thirty-seven studies were included in a meta-analysis of possible PCME risk factors. Pooled cumulative PCME incidence was found to be 5%. PCME was more frequent in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) (RR=2.87, 95%Cl: 1.96-4.21), epiretinal membrane (ERM) (RR=4.51, 95%Cl: 3.06-6.64), uveitis (RR=6.76, 95%Cl: 2.49-18.31), pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) (RR=4.11, 95%Cl: 1.86-9.11) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) (RR=8.79, 95%Cl: 1.90-40.76). DM, ERM, uveitis, PPV, and RVO were associated with PCME. Additional prospective cohort studies investigating various risk factors seem desirable.
人工晶状体眼黄斑囊样水肿（PCME）是白内障手术后常见的副作用，尤其是在患有全身和/或眼部合并症的患者中。研究证据已证实白内障手术对PCME发生的影响；流行病学研究表明，多种风险因素可能导致PCME的发生。本研究旨在探讨PCME的累积发病率，并探讨单纯性白内障手术后PCME发生与眼科、全身及手术相关风险因素之间的相关性。本系统检索使用了PubMed和EMBASE数据库（检索截止日期：2024年3月31日）。采用随机效应（DerSimonian-Laird）模型估计合并累积发病率、合并相对风险（RR）和95%置信区间（95%CI）。还进行了亚组分析、敏感性分析和meta回归分析。关于PCME累积发病率的meta分析包括143项研究。37项研究纳入了可能的PCME风险因素的meta分析。发现PCME的合并累积发病率为5%。糖尿病（DM）患者（RR=2.87，95%CI：1.96-4.21）、视网膜前膜（ERM）患者（RR=4.51，95%CI：3.06-6.64）、葡萄膜炎患者（RR=6.76，95%CI：2.49-18.31）、玻璃体切除术（PPV）患者（RR=4.11，95%CI：1.86-9.11）和视网膜静脉阻塞（RVO）患者（RR=8.79，95%CI：1.90-40.76）中PCME更为常见。DM、ERM、葡萄膜炎、PPV和RVO与PCME相关。进一步开展调查各种风险因素的前瞻性队列研究似乎是必要的。
