Vesterhus Ingvild, Hesseberg Eirik R, Fjeldberg Ken, Engstad Martin K, Paulsen Gøran, Hansen Mette, Nordez Antoine, Lacourpaille Lilian, Seynnes Olivier R
Department for Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Nutrution, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
PeerJ. 2025 Jun 12;13:e19581. doi: 10.7717/peerj.19581. eCollection 2025.
The study aimed to examine the impact of combined oral contraceptive pill (OC) use on patellar tendon (PT) adaptation to resistance training in young women.
Fifteen users of OC (28 ± 3 years) (OC group) and 17 eumenorrheic non-users (32 ± 5 years) (NOC group) performed heavy resistance training of the knee extensors over a period equivalent to three menstrual or pill cycles. Maximal isometric strength of the knee extensor muscles, PT cross-sectional area (CSA), tensile stiffness, and shear wave velocity (SWV) were measured before and after the intervention using combined ultrasonography and dynamometry.
The training period increased maximal isometric strength in both groups (≈11%, < 0.001) with no significant interaction with OC use ( = 0.965). Likewise, a small yet significant increase in proximal tendon CSA was observed (1.5 ± 1.6% for both groups, main training effect < 0.001) without any significant interaction with OC use ( = 0.267). Tendon tensile stiffness also increased significantly (18.9 ± 26.3% in the OC group and 28.2 ± 35.1% in the NOC group, main effect: < 0.001) but was not significantly affected by OC use (interaction effect: = 0.428). Tendon SWV measurements yielded similar results, indicating a main effect of training (+12% on average, = 0.024) but no significant interaction with OC use.
These findings suggest that OC use does not affect the increase in PT CSA and mechanical properties following short-term resistance training in young untrained females.
本研究旨在探讨复方口服避孕药（OC）的使用对年轻女性髌腱（PT）适应抗阻训练的影响。
15名OC使用者（28±3岁）（OC组）和17名月经正常的非使用者（32±5岁）（非OC组）进行了相当于三个月经周期或服药周期的膝关节伸肌抗阻训练。在干预前后，使用超声和测力法联合测量膝关节伸肌的最大等长肌力、PT横截面积（CSA）、拉伸刚度和剪切波速度（SWV）。
训练期两组的最大等长肌力均增加（约11%，P<0.001），与OC使用无显著交互作用（P = 0.965）。同样，观察到近端肌腱CSA有小幅但显著的增加（两组均为1.5±1.6%，主要训练效应P<0.001），与OC使用无显著交互作用（P = 0.267）。肌腱拉伸刚度也显著增加（OC组为18.9±26.3%，非OC组为28.2±35.1%，主要效应：P<0.001），但不受OC使用的显著影响（交互作用效应：P = 0.428）。肌腱SWV测量结果相似，表明训练有主要效应（平均增加12%，P = 0.024），但与OC使用无显著交互作用。
这些发现表明，在未经训练的年轻女性中，OC的使用不影响短期抗阻训练后PT CSA和力学性能的增加。
