Zhao Kexin, Zhang Shuangquan, Zhao Fengying
College of National Park and Tourism, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China.
National Forestry and Grassland Engineering Research Center for Forest Tourism, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China.
PLoS One. 2025 Jun 17;20(6):e0325755. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0325755. eCollection 2025.
Previous research has demonstrated the role of urban forest parks in the recovery of human psychological well-being, but there is a lack of explanation of the "how" and "why" of experiences in urban forest parks that promote psychological recovery. This study used the structural equation model (SEM) method to explore the influence mechanism and path of the natural environment on the public's psychological recovery evaluation in urban forest parks through 485 questionnaires. The study findings reveal the following: (1) In urban forest parks, natural environment perception (NEP) exerts significant positive effects on leisure involvement (LI), place attachment (PA), and restorative environment perception (REP). While NEP does not directly influence psychological recovery evaluation (PRE), its effects are mediated through four distinct pathways: First, via the complete mediation of REP; Second, through the serial mediation of LI and REP; Third, by the chain mediation of PA and REP; Fourth, through the sequential chain mediation of LI, PA, and REP. (2) Leisure involvement significantly enhances both place attachment and restorative environment perception. Additionally, place attachment exhibits a significant positive effect on restorative environment perception, while restorative environment perception demonstrates a robust positive association with psychological recovery evaluation. (3) Demographic variables, including gender, age, and educational level, did not demonstrate significant moderating effects on the structural relationship between natural environment perception and psychological recovery evaluation. The findings may have the potential to offer fresh ideas for enhancing the recovery effect of urban forest parks and have significant implications for their management and sustainable development.
先前的研究已经证明了城市森林公园在人类心理幸福感恢复中的作用，但对于城市森林公园中促进心理恢复的体验的“方式”和“原因”缺乏解释。本研究采用结构方程模型（SEM）方法，通过485份问卷，探讨自然环境对城市森林公园公众心理恢复评价的影响机制和路径。研究结果表明：（1）在城市森林公园中，自然环境感知（NEP）对休闲参与（LI）、场所依恋（PA）和恢复性环境感知（REP）具有显著的正向影响。虽然NEP不直接影响心理恢复评价（PRE），但其影响通过四条不同的路径介导：第一，通过REP的完全中介作用；第二，通过LI和REP的序列中介作用；第三，通过PA和REP的链式中介作用；第四，通过LI、PA和REP的顺序链式中介作用。（2）休闲参与显著增强了场所依恋和恢复性环境感知。此外，场所依恋对恢复性环境感知具有显著的正向影响，而恢复性环境感知与心理恢复评价呈现出强烈的正相关。（3）人口统计学变量，包括性别、年龄和教育水平，对自然环境感知与心理恢复评价之间的结构关系没有显著的调节作用。这些发现可能为提高城市森林公园的恢复效果提供新的思路，并对其管理和可持续发展具有重要意义。
