Binding of [3H]flunitrazepam and [3H]spiperone to melanoma cell membrane preparations.

Binding of [3H]flunitrazepam and [3H]spiperone to membrane preparations isolated by high speed centrifugation of hamster, rabbit and human melanoma cell homogenates was analyzed. All melanoma cell types expressed a high density of specific binding sites for [3H]flunitrazepam (3-4 pmol/mg protein) with a high affinity (Kd about 30 nM). This binding was independent of melanin content of cells and could be classified, based on competition experiments, as a Ro 5-4864-like binding type. Specific [3H]spiperone binding to these cell lines clearly revealed at least two types of binding sites: a low affinity, high capacity type of binding site (Kd greater than 100 nM, Bmax about 50 pmol/mg protein) and a high affinity, low capacity binding site (Kd less than 1 nm, Bmax 30 fmol/mg protein). Binding of spiperone to the low affinity, high capacity site appeared displaceable by NM 113 and dependent on melanin content of the cells and probably represents binding to melanin. Analysis of drug binding to melanoma membrane cell preparations and correlation with drug effects should include the possible involvement of binding to melanin.