Karaszewski Kajetan, Góra Jakub, Ploch Weronika, Jędrzejczak Wiesław Wiktor
Department of Hematology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1A, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
Doctoral School of the Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Żwirki I Wigury 61, 02-091, Warsaw, Poland.
Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2025 Jun 18. doi: 10.1007/s12015-025-10912-w.
Both autologous and allogeneic stem cell transplantations are widely used as a standard of care or significant clinical option in treating various malignant and non-malignant diseases of the hematopoietic system. The value of these treatment methods would be better assessed through the review of long-term progression-free and overall survival (PFS and OS) rates, which are highly dependent on the primary diagnosis and stage of disease at the time of transplantation as well as on the specific type of used transplantation procedure. While the best (over 90%) 5-, 10- and 15-year survival rates are achieved in children with genetic errors after HLA-matched allogeneic transplantation, in adults these results are worse. Intermediate results (50-80%) of 5- and 10-year survival rates are obtained in malignancies transplanted in complete remission, and the worst (between 10 and 30%) 5- and 10-year survival rates are seen in malignancies transplanted without remission. However, none of the other treatment methods in these latter situations allows to obtain any long-term survival. In conclusion, transplantation of hematopoietic cells is a group of therapeutic methods with unprecedented effectiveness in reversing outcome of deadly disorders of the hematopoietic system. Moreover, its therapeutic effect is usually maintained for 10 years or more.
自体和异体干细胞移植都被广泛用作治疗各种造血系统恶性和非恶性疾病的标准治疗方法或重要临床选择。通过回顾长期无进展生存率和总生存率（PFS和OS）可以更好地评估这些治疗方法的价值，而这高度依赖于移植时疾病的初始诊断和分期以及所采用移植程序的具体类型。虽然在 HLA 匹配的异体移植后，患有基因缺陷的儿童能取得最佳的（超过90%）5年、10年和15年生存率，但在成人中这些结果较差。在完全缓解期进行移植的恶性肿瘤患者可获得5年和10年生存率的中等结果（50 - 80%），而在未缓解状态下进行移植的恶性肿瘤患者的5年和10年生存率最差（10%至30%）。然而，在这些后一种情况下，其他任何治疗方法都无法实现长期生存。总之，造血细胞移植是一组在逆转造血系统致命疾病结局方面具有前所未有的疗效的治疗方法。此外，其治疗效果通常能维持10年或更长时间。
