Kshatri Jaya Singh, Ak Kavitha, Rehman Tanveer, Bhattacharya Haimanti, Bhuyan Dinesh, Mansingh Asit, Sahoo Uttam Kumar, Nayak Moushumi, Kanungo Swagatika, Bhattacharya Debdutta, Pati Sanghamitra
ICMR- Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Nodal Officer, Model Rural Health Research Unit, Sheragada, Ganjam, India.
Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia. 2025 Jun 7;38:100611. doi: 10.1016/j.lansea.2025.100611. eCollection 2025 Jul.
Indigenous tribal communities in the state of Odisha, eastern India, face persistent health disparities driven by socio-economic marginalisation, geographical isolation, and limited healthcare access. The Odisha Tribal Family Health Survey (OTFHS) aimed to comprehensively assess the health status, socio-demographic characteristics, and healthcare utilisation patterns of Odisha's tribal populations.
A community-based survey was conducted between July 2022 and July 2023, covering 9711 households across 389 clusters in 14 tribal-dominated districts in Odisha. The study included 30,292 participants from 53 notified tribal groups. The study included participants of all age groups (from neonates to the elderly, aged 0 years and above), with 56% of the sample comprising females. Individuals belonging to one of the notified tribes who were permanent residents and provided written consent were included, while bedridden individuals and those with recognisable cognitive impairments were excluded. Data collection involved the use of structured tools at the household and individual levels, anthropometric measurements, point-of-care tests (including blood pressure, random blood glucose, and haemoglobin levels, as well as haemoglobinopathy screening), and laboratory analyses of blood serum samples (for liver function, kidney function, and lipid and iron profiles).
OTFHS revealed that 88.0% of children aged 12-23 months were fully vaccinated and over 40% of children younger than five years were stunted or underweight. Anaemia affected 71.3% of children aged 6-59 months, with prevalence remaining high among adolescents (76.1% of females, 56.9% of males) and adults (77.5% of women, 42.1% of men). 93.0% of women had bank accounts and 91.4% of births occurred in healthcare facilities. Gaps persisted in antenatal care (40.3% completed four or more visits) and hygienic menstrual practices (35.8% of women).
OTFHS offers crucial disaggregated data, guiding targeted health improvements and policy reforms essential for bridging health equity gaps. The specific focus on Indigenous populations and a broader look at the social determinants alongside health indicators reflect the multi-dimensional nature of healthcare interventions needed for vulnerable groups.
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Research and Training Institute (SCSTRTI), Odisha, India.
印度东部奥里萨邦的土著部落社区面临着由社会经济边缘化、地理隔离和有限的医疗服务可及性所导致的持续健康差距。奥里萨部落家庭健康调查（OTFHS）旨在全面评估奥里萨邦部落人口的健康状况、社会人口特征和医疗服务利用模式。
于2022年7月至2023年7月进行了一项基于社区的调查，覆盖奥里萨邦14个部落主导地区的389个集群中的9711户家庭。该研究纳入了来自53个已登记部落群体的30292名参与者。研究涵盖了所有年龄组（从新生儿到老年人，0岁及以上）的参与者，样本中56%为女性。纳入的是属于已登记部落之一的永久居民并提供书面同意的个人，而卧床不起的人和有明显认知障碍的人被排除在外。数据收集涉及在家庭和个人层面使用结构化工具、人体测量、即时检验（包括血压、随机血糖和血红蛋白水平，以及血红蛋白病筛查），以及血清样本的实验室分析（用于肝功能、肾功能、血脂和铁谱）。
OTFHS显示，12至23个月大的儿童中有88.0%完成了全程疫苗接种，五岁以下儿童中有超过40%发育迟缓或体重不足。贫血影响了6至59个月大儿童的71.3%，在青少年（女性中的76.1%，男性中的56.9%）和成年人（女性中的77.5%，男性中的42.1%）中患病率仍然很高。93.0%的女性有银行账户，91.4%的分娩在医疗机构进行。产前护理（40.3%完成了四次或更多次就诊）和卫生经期做法（35.8%的女性）方面仍存在差距。
OTFHS提供了关键的分类数据，为有针对性地改善健康状况和进行政策改革提供了指导，这些对于弥合健康公平差距至关重要。对土著人口的特别关注以及除健康指标外对社会决定因素的更广泛审视，反映了弱势群体所需医疗保健干预措施的多维度性质。
印度奥里萨邦在册种姓和在册部落研究与培训研究所（SCSTRTI）。
