Sabna B S, Mahendran Ramasamy, Balakrishnan Jeyakumar, Huang Chih-Yang, Jerimon P J, Thomas Anto, Eswaran Raju, Naveen P, Jayaraman Angayarkanni
Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, T.N, 641 046, India.
Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2025 Jun 19. doi: 10.1007/s12602-025-10626-y.
A non-proteinaceous amino acid called GABA is well-known for its physiological uses and its role as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain of mammals. Apart from its neurological function, GABA has been linked to blood pressure reduction and glucose balance modulation. Since β-cell destruction and decreased insulin secretion are hallmarks of diabetes mellitus, the natural production of GABA by pancreatic β-cells increases the possibility of its therapeutic role. The aim of this study was to produce, purify, and characterize GABA from glutamic acid and assess its potential as an antidiabetic, namely to impact β-cell proliferation. GABA was produced from glutamic acid using the enzyme glutamate decarboxylase (GAD). After that, the produced GABA was purified and characterized using different analytical methods. Furthermore, in vivo studies were carried out with diabetic mice to evaluate the effect of GABA treatment on β-cell proliferation and control of insulin levels. GABA treatment improved glycaemic control in diabetic mice by increasing β-cell proliferation and regulating glucagon and insulin production. These results demonstrate the potential of GABA as an antidiabetic drug and provide a safe substitute for traditional insulin injections. Further study is needed to understand its mechanism of action and investigate its therapeutic application in the treatment of diabetes.
一种名为γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）的非蛋白质氨基酸因其生理用途以及在哺乳动物大脑中作为抑制性神经递质的作用而广为人知。除了其神经功能外，GABA还与血压降低和葡萄糖平衡调节有关。由于β细胞破坏和胰岛素分泌减少是糖尿病的特征，胰腺β细胞天然产生GABA增加了其发挥治疗作用的可能性。本研究的目的是从谷氨酸生产、纯化和表征GABA，并评估其作为抗糖尿病药物的潜力，即影响β细胞增殖。使用谷氨酸脱羧酶（GAD）从谷氨酸生产GABA。之后，使用不同的分析方法对产生的GABA进行纯化和表征。此外，对糖尿病小鼠进行了体内研究，以评估GABA治疗对β细胞增殖和胰岛素水平控制的影响。GABA治疗通过增加β细胞增殖和调节胰高血糖素及胰岛素分泌，改善了糖尿病小鼠的血糖控制。这些结果证明了GABA作为抗糖尿病药物的潜力，并为传统胰岛素注射提供了一种安全的替代方法。需要进一步研究以了解其作用机制，并研究其在糖尿病治疗中的治疗应用。
