Gambolò Luca, Pireddu Roberta, D'Angelo Marta, Ticozzi Elena Maria, Bellini Lorenzo, Solla Daniele, Fagoni Nazzareno, Stirparo Giuseppe
SIMED (Società Italiana di Medicina e Divulgazione Scientifica), Parma, Italy.
Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
Discov Ment Health. 2025 Jun 19;5(1):91. doi: 10.1007/s44192-025-00229-y.
The transition from adolescence to adulthood is characterized by changes and challenges for students, that can affect their mental well-being. Furthermore, mental disorders often emerge before the age of 24, underscoring the significance of addressing mental health during the college years. The study's objective is to conduct a systematic review of the mental health of Italian university students, exploring the prevalence of psychopathological dimensions, identifying risk and protective factors, and investigating the impact on academic performance.
The initial search yielded 842 papers. After the screening process, a total of 27 studies were included (22,928 participants).
The prevalence of mental distress is notable: stress affects 72.6%, anxiety 61.8%, depression 41.6%, sleep disorders 63.9%, and suicide risk 6.1%.
Biological factors like chronic illness and family history increase the risk of psychological disorders. Psychological factors, including sexual orientation, play a role. Dysfunctional personality traits, adverse events, financial concerns, and the pandemic amplify distress. Resilience, coping strategies, peer support, inclusive environments, physical activity, and balanced lifestyles act as protective factors. Mental distress impacts academic performance and often is exacerbated by the pressure to excel. Interventions encompass targeted support, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and the promotion of inclusive and supportive environments.
从青少年到成年的过渡阶段，学生面临着各种变化和挑战，这些可能会影响他们的心理健康。此外，精神障碍通常在24岁之前出现，这凸显了在大学期间关注心理健康的重要性。本研究的目的是对意大利大学生的心理健康进行系统综述，探讨精神病理学维度的患病率，确定风险和保护因素，并研究其对学业成绩的影响。
初步检索得到842篇论文。经过筛选过程，共纳入27项研究（22928名参与者）。
精神困扰的患病率值得关注：压力影响72.6%，焦虑影响61.8%，抑郁影响41.6%，睡眠障碍影响63.9%，自杀风险影响6.1%。
慢性病和家族病史等生物学因素会增加心理障碍的风险。包括性取向在内的心理因素也起作用。功能失调的人格特质、不良事件、经济担忧和疫情会加剧困扰。复原力、应对策略、同伴支持、包容的环境、体育活动和平衡的生活方式起到保护作用。精神困扰会影响学业成绩，而追求卓越的压力往往会使其加剧。干预措施包括有针对性的支持、认知行为疗法以及促进包容和支持性的环境。
