Sleem Ibtesam, Rodriguez Abby, Chen Bingqi, Perumal Ramasamy, Peterson Jaymi, Santana Adina L, Smolensky Dmitriy, Dia Vermont P
Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.
Department of Food Science and Technology, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
Biofactors. 2025 May-Jun;51(3):e70028. doi: 10.1002/biof.70028.
Recently, sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] has been given great attention as an excellent source of polyphenols that exhibit protective effects against multiple chronic disease models. Ulcerative colitis (UC) is strongly linked to the incidence of colon cancer and other intestinal chronic diseases. This study aimed to determine the ability of sorghum ethanolic phenolic extracts (SEPEs) to mitigate intestinal colitis and inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in a mice model. Forty C57BL/6 male mice were randomly assigned to one of the experimental groups: negative control, positive control (DSS only), and three groups given SEPEs containing (100 μg gallic acid eq/mL) from specialty brown sorghum accession SC84 grains (BSG) and leaves (BSL) from the same brown cultivar, and white sorghum grains (WSG). SEPEs-fed groups showed a significant reduction of the inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, TNF-alpha, and IL-1-beta in the plasma and colon, colonic disease activity index values, and fecal hemoglobin content compared to the DSS group (p ≤ 0.001). Furthermore, SEPEs mitigated neutrophil infiltration by inhibiting myeloperoxidase activity in the colon and enhancing intestinal integrity by upregulation of tight junction proteins' production such as ZO-1 and claudin-7. Histopathological results showed an improvement in mucosal structure and colon morphology under SEPE uptake. BSL extract exhibited a better effect against DSS compared to BSG and WSG. Metabolomic and enrichment analyses of plasma showed that SEPEs effectively recovered the disrupted metabolomic profiling in UC via modulating key pathways associated with colitis-related inflammation and oxidative stress such as bile acids metabolism, amino acids metabolism, and taurine and hypotaurine metabolism. SEPEs ameliorate colonic colitis and inflammation by suppressing proinflammatory cytokines production, neutrophil infiltration, and enhancement of intestinal integrity and functionality. Thus, specialty sorghum phenolics represent a potential alternative to mitigate colonic inflammation and colitis.
最近，高粱[Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]作为多酚的优质来源受到了广泛关注，这些多酚对多种慢性疾病模型具有保护作用。溃疡性结肠炎（UC）与结肠癌和其他肠道慢性疾病的发病率密切相关。本研究旨在确定高粱乙醇酚提取物（SEPEs）在小鼠模型中减轻硫酸葡聚糖钠（DSS）诱导的肠道结肠炎和炎症的能力。40只C57BL/6雄性小鼠被随机分配到以下实验组之一：阴性对照组、阳性对照组（仅DSS），以及三组给予含有（100μg没食子酸当量/mL）来自特种棕色高粱品种SC84的谷粒（BSG）和叶片（BSL）以及白色高粱谷粒（WSG）的SEPEs组。与DSS组相比（p≤0.001），喂食SEPEs的组血浆和结肠中的炎症细胞因子包括IL-6、TNF-α和IL-1-β、结肠疾病活动指数值以及粪便血红蛋白含量均显著降低。此外，SEPEs通过抑制结肠中的髓过氧化物酶活性减轻中性粒细胞浸润，并通过上调紧密连接蛋白如ZO-1和claudin-7的产生来增强肠道完整性。组织病理学结果显示摄入SEPEs后黏膜结构和结肠形态有所改善。与BSG和WSG相比，BSL提取物对DSS的效果更好。血浆的代谢组学和富集分析表明，SEPEs通过调节与结肠炎相关炎症和氧化应激相关的关键途径，如胆汁酸代谢、氨基酸代谢以及牛磺酸和亚牛磺酸代谢，有效恢复了UC中紊乱的代谢组学谱。SEPEs通过抑制促炎细胞因子的产生、中性粒细胞浸润以及增强肠道完整性和功能来改善结肠结肠炎和炎症。因此，特种高粱酚类物质是减轻结肠炎症和结肠炎的潜在替代品。
