Li Wenshuang, Huang Junlong, Liu Zheng, Luo Ruixiang, Wang Ziqiao, Zhang Chi, Liu Bolong, Zhou Xiangfu
Department of Urology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R.China.
Int J Surg. 2025 Jun 20. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000002693.
Kidney stones are a significant health concern in the United States, and their increasing prevalence is linked to increasing obesity rates. This study aimed to assess the trends in kidney stone prevalence among U.S. adults with obesity from 2007 to 2020 using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data.
This cross-sectional analysis used anonymized NHANES data from six cycles (2007-2020). Prevalences were estimated using NHANES sample weights; age-standardized prevalences were determined using 2020 census data. Survey-weighted multivariate logistic regression and linear regression models were used to assess risk factors and trends, respectively. Subgroup analyses were performed according to sex, race/ethnicity, and poverty-income ratio (PIR).
The overall age-standardized prevalence of kidney stones increased from 9.4% (2007-2008) to 10.2% (2017-2020). The prevalence among individuals with obesity significantly increased from 11.0% to 12.5% (P for trend = 0.035). The prevalence of kidney stones in females with obesity significantly increased from 8.8% to 11.5% (P for trend = 0.042), whereas males with obesity showed a slight increase (13.4% to 14.0%). Racial/ethnic disparities were evident among those with obesity: non-Hispanic Whites showed a modest increase (12.4% to 14.2%), Hispanics exhibited a notable increase (7.5% to 10.9%; P for trend = 0.017), and non-Hispanic Blacks had a stable prevalence that increased slightly (5.9% to 6.8%; P for trend = 0.304). The prevalence increased (10.2% to 12.9%; P for trend = 0.051) among individuals with obesity and high PIRs and decreased (12.8% to 11.4%) among those with low PIRs.
This study highlights an upward trend in the prevalence of kidney stones among U.S. adults with obesity, from 2007 to 2020. Our findings emphasize the need for targeted public health strategies to address this issue, especially among populations at higher risk due to obesity and socioeconomic factors.
肾结石是美国一个重大的健康问题，其患病率不断上升与肥胖率上升有关。本研究旨在利用美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）数据评估2007年至2020年美国肥胖成年人中肾结石患病率的趋势。
本横断面分析使用了六个周期（2007 - 2020年）的匿名NHANES数据。患病率采用NHANES样本权重进行估计；年龄标准化患病率使用2020年人口普查数据确定。分别使用调查加权多变量逻辑回归和线性回归模型评估风险因素和趋势。根据性别、种族/民族和贫困收入比（PIR）进行亚组分析。
肾结石的总体年龄标准化患病率从9.4%（2007 - 2008年）增至10.2%（2017 - 2020年）。肥胖个体中的患病率从11.0%显著增至12.5%（趋势P值 = 0.035）。肥胖女性中肾结石患病率从8.8%显著增至11.5%（趋势P值 = 0.042），而肥胖男性患病率略有增加（从13.4%增至14.0%）。肥胖人群中存在种族/民族差异：非西班牙裔白人患病率适度增加（从12.4%增至14.2%），西班牙裔显著增加（从7.5%增至10.9%；趋势P值 = 0.017），非西班牙裔黑人患病率稳定且略有增加（从5.9%增至6.8%；趋势P值 = 0.304）。肥胖且PIR高的个体患病率增加（从10.2%增至12.9%；趋势P值 = 0.051），而PIR低的个体患病率下降（从12.8%降至11.4%）。
本研究突出了2007年至2020年美国肥胖成年人中肾结石患病率呈上升趋势。我们的研究结果强调需要制定有针对性的公共卫生策略来解决这一问题，特别是在因肥胖和社会经济因素而风险较高的人群中。
