在高强度间歇训练后补充热水浸泡，对耐力表现或线粒体适应性均无显著影响。

No significant effects of supplementing high-intensity interval training with post-exercise hot water immersion on either temperate endurance performance or mitochondrial adaptations.

作者信息

Kjertakov Metodija, Chandrasiri Shavin, Alvarez Romero Javier, Garnham Andrew, Aughey Robert, Petersen Aaron

机构信息

Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.

出版信息

J Therm Biol. 2025 Apr 23;131:104119. doi: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104119.

DOI:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104119

PMID:40540822

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

The primary aim of this study was to examine the effects of 30-min hot water immersion (HWI) after nine high-intensity interval training (HIIT) sessions on endurance exercise performance in a temperate environment. A secondary aim was to determine the effects of this strategy on mitochondrial adaptations.

METHODS

Fourteen male cyclists were assigned to either an HWI (n = 7) group or a control (CON, n = 7) group and completed nine HIIT sessions over 3 weeks. Immediately after each HIIT session, participants from the HWI group were immersed in 42 °C water, whereas those from the CON group were immersed in 34 °C water. Before and after the interventions, the cyclists performed an incremental test to exhaustion and a 20-km time trial test at 18-20 °C. Resting muscle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis pre- and post-intervention to assess changes in mitochondrial respiratory proteins (Complex I to V), maximal citrate synthase activity, and mitochondrial respiration. Results were interpreted based on the p-value and effect size (ES).

RESULTS

The time to complete the 20-km time trial test was reduced to a similar extent (F = 0.00, p = 0.99) in the HWI group (1.5%, p = 0.04) and the CON group (1.7%, p = 0.03). A trivial between-group ES (0.0) was observed for the time trial performance, confirming that supplementing HIIT with post-exercise HWI provided no greater ergogenic effect than the CON group. Neither the determinants of endurance performance (i.e., lactate threshold, peak power output, and maximal oxygen consumption) nor markers of mitochondrial content and respiration showed significant changes following the 3-week intervention period.

CONCLUSION

Nine HIIT sessions led to a significantly improved 20-km time trial performance in temperate conditions, but adding HWI after the HIIT sessions did not provide additional performance benefits.

摘要

目的

本研究的主要目的是探究在进行9次高强度间歇训练（HIIT）后进行30分钟热水浸泡（HWI）对温带环境下耐力运动表现的影响。次要目的是确定该策略对线粒体适应性的影响。

方法

14名男性自行车运动员被分为HWI组（n = 7）或对照组（CON，n = 7），并在3周内完成9次HIIT训练。每次HIIT训练后，HWI组的参与者立即浸入42°C的水中，而CON组的参与者则浸入34°C的水中。在干预前后，自行车运动员在18 - 20°C下进行递增运动至疲劳测试和20公里计时赛测试。在干预前后从股外侧肌获取静息肌肉活检样本，以评估线粒体呼吸蛋白（复合体I至V）、最大柠檬酸合酶活性和线粒体呼吸的变化。结果根据p值和效应大小（ES）进行解释。

结果

HWI组（1.5%，p = 0.04）和CON组（1.7%，p = 0.03）完成20公里计时赛测试的时间减少程度相似（F = 0.00，p = 0.99）。计时赛表现的组间ES微不足道（0.0），证实与CON组相比，运动后补充HWI的HIIT训练并没有提供更大的促力效果。在为期3周的干预期后，耐力表现的决定因素（即乳酸阈值、峰值功率输出和最大耗氧量）以及线粒体含量和呼吸的标志物均未显示出显著变化。