Liu Xin, Wang Qing, Zhang Zhuanxia, Jia Liangchun, Shen Zhenxing, Long Tengwen, Chen George Zheng, He Jun, Song Xin
State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China.
State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2025 Sep 5;495:138949. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138949. Epub 2025 Jun 15.
The co-mingled plumes of chloroethenes and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) raise a major challenge for groundwater remediation. This study is the first try to apply sulfidated nano zero-valent iron supported on calcined layered double oxides (S-nZVI@LDO) for simultaneous removal of trichloroethylene (TCE) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). Our findings revealed that 2 g/L S-nZVI@LDO simultaneously removed 73.3 % TCE and 37.8 % PFOA in pure water, with 49.5 % TCE degraded to less chlorinated products and 23.8 % adsorbed or unquantified transformation of C-C hydrocarbons. Comparative experiments using individual and co-occurring TCE and PFOA revealed that co-existing PFOA and TCE minimally affected their respective removal efficiencies, highlighting S-nZVI@LDO's suitability for co-contaminant remediation. Furthermore, S-nZVI@LDO achieved optimal TCE and PFOA removal under acidic conditions, surpassing non-composite S-nZVI and LDO. Based on the characterization of S-nZVI@LDO, TCE removal involved reductive dechlorination and sorption via hydrophobic interactions, while PFOA removal was primarily driven by electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding. In real groundwater, S-nZVI@LDO achieved 58.2 % TCE and 33.7 % PFOA removal. Additionally, S-nZVI@LDO simultaneously removed nine different PFASs from a 12-PFASs mixture and demonstrated greater effectiveness for long-chain PFASs and their alternatives (e.g., GenX) owing to their hydrophobic nature. These findings highlight the potential of S-nZVI@LDO as an effective material for TCE-PFOA co-contaminated groundwater.
氯乙烯和全氟及多氟烷基物质（PFASs）混合的羽状物给地下水修复带来了重大挑战。本研究首次尝试应用负载在煅烧层状双氢氧化物上的硫化纳米零价铁（S-nZVI@LDO）同时去除三氯乙烯（TCE）和全氟辛酸（PFOA）。我们的研究结果表明，在纯水中，2 g/L的S-nZVI@LDO能同时去除73.3%的TCE和37.8%的PFOA，其中49.5%的TCE降解为含氯量更低的产物，23.8%的C-C烃类被吸附或发生未量化的转化。使用单独的以及同时存在的TCE和PFOA进行的对比实验表明，共存的PFOA和TCE对它们各自的去除效率影响极小，这突出了S-nZVI@LDO对复合污染物修复的适用性。此外，S-nZVI@LDO在酸性条件下实现了对TCE和PFOA的最佳去除效果，超过了非复合的S-nZVI和LDO。基于对S-nZVI@LDO的表征，TCE的去除涉及通过疏水相互作用进行的还原脱氯和吸附，而PFOA的去除主要由静电相互作用和氢键驱动。在实际地下水中，S-nZVI@LDO实现了58.2%的TCE去除率和33.7%的PFOA去除率。此外，S-nZVI@LDO同时从12种PFASs混合物中去除了9种不同的PFASs，并且由于其疏水性质，对长链PFASs及其替代品（如GenX）表现出更高的去除效果。这些研究结果突出了S-nZVI@LDO作为一种有效材料用于修复受TCE-PFOA复合污染地下水的潜力。
