De Silva Chathuranga, Rathor Pramod, Warkentin Thomas D, Poudel Hari P, Thilakarathna Malinda S
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 4-10F Agriculture/Forestry Centre, 9011-116 St NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5 Canada.
Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8 Canada.
Discov Agric. 2025;3(1):93. doi: 10.1007/s44279-025-00261-0. Epub 2025 Jun 19.
In recent decades, agricultural practices have shifted from diverse cropping systems to monocropping, leading to soil degradation, nutrient depletion, and reduced biodiversity, which threaten long-term productivity and ecosystem sustainability. This study aimed to explore how legume cultivar selection influences pea ( L.)-wheat ( L.) intercropping, focusing on symbiotic nitrogen (N) fixation, yield, seed N, and land productivity. A greenhouse experiment was conducted using various pea cultivars that were released in different decades [Century (1960), Trapper (1970), CDC Golden (2002), CDC Amarillo (2012), and CDC Spectrum (2016)] under monocropping and intercropping with wheat to evaluate the yield parameters and symbiotic N fixation capabilities of pea. The old, long-vined pea cultivars (Century and Trapper) had higher seed dry weight (62.9-66.3%), number of pods (82.7-100%) and number of seeds (126.9-163.5%) than the newer, moderate vine length cultivars (CDC Golden, CDC Amarillo and CDC Spectrum) under intercropping. On the other hand, the companion wheat crop had a greater yield (29.8-69.9%) and seed N (31.1-65.5%) when intercropped with the newer pea cultivars. Intercropping enhanced N fixation (0.7-7.5%) in peas across cultivars; however, the older cultivars contributed more to the overall system's N fixation and N carry-over compared to the newer cultivars. While the harvest index, land equivalent ratio (LER), and N-based LER (LERN) of intercropped wheat were not significantly higher than mono-cropped wheat, the increased partial LER and LERN for wheat highlight intercropping benefits. Overall, newer pea cultivars enhanced pea-wheat intercropping by improving productivity and resource efficiency, highlighting the importance of legume cultivar selection in intercropping.
近几十年来，农业生产方式已从多样化种植系统转向单一作物种植，导致土壤退化、养分耗竭和生物多样性减少，这些都威胁到长期生产力和生态系统的可持续性。本研究旨在探讨豆科作物品种选择如何影响豌豆（L.）-小麦（L.）间作，重点关注共生固氮、产量、种子氮含量和土地生产力。利用不同年代发布的各种豌豆品种[世纪（1960年）、捕兽者（1970年）、加拿大农业与农业食品部金色（2002年）、加拿大农业与农业食品部阿马里洛（2012年）和加拿大农业与农业食品部光谱（2016年）]进行了一项温室试验，试验设置了单作以及与小麦间作的处理，以评估豌豆的产量参数和共生固氮能力。在间作条件下，老的、长蔓豌豆品种（世纪和捕兽者）比新的、中等蔓长品种（加拿大农业与农业食品部金色、加拿大农业与农业食品部阿马里洛和加拿大农业与农业食品部光谱）具有更高的种子干重（62.9 - 66.3%）、豆荚数（82.7 - 100%）和种子数（126.9 - 163.5%）。另一方面，与新豌豆品种间作时，伴生小麦作物的产量（29.8 - 69.9%）和种子氮含量（31.1 - 65.5%）更高。间作提高了各品种豌豆的固氮能力（0.7 - 7.5%）；然而，与新品种相比，老品种对整个系统的固氮和氮素残留贡献更大。虽然间作小麦的收获指数、土地当量比（LER）和基于氮的土地当量比（LERN）并不显著高于单作小麦，但小麦部分LER和LERN的增加突出了间作的益处。总体而言，新豌豆品种通过提高生产力和资源利用效率增强了豌豆 - 小麦间作，突出了豆科作物品种选择在间作中的重要性。
