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2014 - 2021年中国北京人类札如病毒暴发的发生率:GII.3和GI.2基因型占主导地位

Incidence of human sapovirus outbreaks in Beijing, China, 2014-2021: predominance of genotypes GII.3 and GI.2.

作者信息

Shen Lingyu, Yu Fan, Yan Hanqiu, Liu Baiwei, Li Weihong, Wang Yu, Tian Yi, Jia Lei, Yang Peng, Wang Quanyi, Zhang Daitao, Gao Zhiyong

机构信息

Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

出版信息

Emerg Microbes Infect. 2025 Dec;14(1):2521840. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2025.2521840. Epub 2025 Jul 7.

Abstract

The study aimed to analyze epidemiological, clinical, and genome characteristics of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) outbreaks caused by sapovirus in Beijing. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of sapovirus detected by RT-qPCR were collected from AGE surveillance. Descriptive statistics were used for epidemiological analysis, and both genotype identification and sequence analysis were conducted on the VP1 regions, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase regions, and whole genomes. From 2014 to 2021, sapovirus was the second most common pathogen in AGE outbreaks, causing 216 outbreaks (6.85%) with peaks in 2017, 2019, and 2021. The predominant outbreaks occurred in kindergartens (76.39%, 165) and primary schools (18.98%, 41) within urban (62.96%, 136) and suburban (35.19%, 76) by person-to-person transmission (97.73%, 172). Outbreaks in outer suburbs lasted longer duration [median 7 days, IQR: 6-8]. Comprehensive schools (21.62%, IQR: 10.00-35.00%) and kindergartens (18.18%, IQR: 13.51-22.72%) showed higher attack rates. Clinical symptoms included vomiting (97.27%, 1,462), diarrhea (18.44%, 277), fever (8.32%, 125), nausea (28.72%, 432), and abdominal pain (33.94%, 510). Vomiting prevalence was higher in children aged ≤5 years (96.94%, 983/1,014), while diarrhea prevalence was higher in those >5 years (31.29%, 153/489). Eight genotypes (GI.1-3, 5, 6; GII.1, 3, 5) were identified, and the predominant genotype changed from GII.3 (2016-2019) to GI.2 (2020-2021). Phylogenetic analysis revealed emerging clades in GII.3 and GI.2, with nucleotides and amino acids mutations confirmed by whole-genome sequencing. Therefore, sapovirus is a significant AGE pathogen in Beijing, China, warranting its inclusion in surveillance among sporadic cases and outbreaks of AGE in China with necessitating genotyping and whole-genome sequencing.

摘要

本研究旨在分析北京地区由札如病毒引起的急性胃肠炎(AGE)暴发的流行病学、临床和基因组特征。通过逆转录定量聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)检测到的札如病毒的流行病学和临床特征,是从AGE监测中收集的。描述性统计用于流行病学分析,同时对VP1区域、RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶区域和全基因组进行基因型鉴定和序列分析。2014年至2021年期间,札如病毒是AGE暴发中第二常见的病原体,引发了216次暴发(6.85%),在2017年、2019年和2021年出现高峰。主要暴发发生在城市(62.96%,136次)和郊区(35.19%,76次)的幼儿园(76.39%,165次)和小学(18.98%,41次),通过人传人传播(97.73%,172次)。远郊区的暴发持续时间更长[中位数7天,四分位间距:6 - 8天]。综合学校(21.62%,四分位间距:10.00 - 35.00%)和幼儿园(18.18%,四分位间距:13.51 - 22.72%)的发病率较高。临床症状包括呕吐(97.27% ,1462例)、腹泻(18.44%,277例)、发热(8.32%,125例)、恶心(28.72%,432例)和腹痛(33.94%,510例)。≤5岁儿童的呕吐患病率较高(96.94%,983/1014),而>5岁儿童的腹泻患病率较高(31.29%,153/489)。鉴定出8种基因型(GI.1 - 3、5、6;GII.1、3、5),优势基因型从GII.3(2016 - 2019年)转变为GI.2(2020 - 2021年)。系统发育分析揭示了GII.3和GI.2中出现的进化枝,全基因组测序证实了核苷酸和氨基酸突变。因此,札如病毒是中国北京地区重要的AGE病原体,有必要将其纳入中国AGE散发病例和暴发监测中,并进行基因分型和全基因组测序。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5bd3/12239119/20e677f91635/TEMI_A_2521840_F0001_OC.jpg

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