King Kevin M, Dora Jonas, Schultz Megan, McCabe Connor J, Lee Christine M, Shoda Yuichi, Fairlie Anne M, Litt Dana M, Lewis Melissa A, Patrick Megan E, Smith Gregory T
Department of Psychology, University of Washington.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Washington.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2025 Aug;39(5):411-430. doi: 10.1037/adb0001074. Epub 2025 Jun 23.
Motivational theories hypothesizing that people drink to relieve negative affect have not been supported using data from people's daily lives. People may experience negative affect when alcohol is unavailable or when use would conflict with people's current goals, but people's thoughts about alcohol use, such as intentions to drink later in the day, are less contextually constrained. Alcohol intentions may serve as affect regulation and lead to decreases in negative or increases in positive affect prior to drinking itself.
This registered report provides an initial test of this hypothesis across two large ecological momentary assessment samples of adolescents and young adults (total = 1,511). We tested whether daily drinking intentions were associated with levels and within-day changes in negative and positive affect in two large samples of adolescents and young adults and whether drinking history and motives moderated these associations.
We found evidence, replicated across studies, that positive affect was higher and increased more on days when people reported intending to drink more than usual, but negative affect was only very weakly associated with daily drinking intentions. We found no evidence of moderation that replicated across samples.
Results suggest that prior research linking positive affect and alcohol use is at least in part capturing the anticipation of drinking rather than a causal association between affect and drinking behaviors among adolescents and young adults. Theories should consider how anticipation, as well as the contexts in which drinking occurs, shapes people's motives for drinking and their drinking behaviors themselves. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).
动机理论假设人们饮酒是为了缓解负面影响，但尚未得到来自人们日常生活数据的支持。当无法获得酒精或饮酒与人们当前的目标相冲突时，人们可能会体验到负面影响，但人们对饮酒的想法，比如当天晚些时候饮酒的意图，受情境限制较少。饮酒意图可能起到情绪调节作用，并在饮酒本身之前导致负面影响的减少或正面影响的增加。
本预注册报告通过对青少年和青年成年人的两个大型生态瞬时评估样本（共1511人）对这一假设进行了初步检验。我们测试了在青少年和青年成年人的两个大样本中，每日饮酒意图是否与负面和正面情绪的水平及日内变化相关，以及饮酒史和动机是否调节了这些关联。
我们发现了跨研究重复的证据，即当人们报告打算比平时多饮酒时，正面情绪更高且增加得更多，但负面情绪与每日饮酒意图的关联非常微弱。我们没有发现跨样本重复的调节作用证据。
结果表明，先前将正面情绪与饮酒联系起来的研究至少部分捕捉到了对饮酒的预期，而非青少年和青年成年人情绪与饮酒行为之间的因果关联。理论应考虑预期以及饮酒发生的情境如何塑造人们的饮酒动机及其饮酒行为本身。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》（c）2025美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
