美国与运动相关的眼眶骨折的流行病学
The Epidemiology of Sports-Related Orbital Fractures in the United States.
作者信息
Bineshfar Niloufar, Shields Chloe, Davila Natalia, McLaughlin Samantha A, Pradeep Tejus, Lee Wendy W
机构信息
Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; John Sealy School of Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas.
出版信息
Ophthalmology. 2025 Jun 21. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.06.016.
PURPOSE
To characterize the epidemiologic features of sports-related orbital fractures in the United States, including incidence, demographic patterns, mechanisms of injury, and associated ocular injuries.
DESIGN
Retrospective cohort study.
PARTICIPANTS
Patients with sports-related facial fractures recorded in the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database from 2014 through 2023.
METHODS
Patients were identified using NEISS body part and diagnosis codes, along with trauma narratives specific to orbital fractures. National estimates were calculated using NEISS statistical weights. Demographics, sport type, fracture location, and associated ocular injuries were evaluated using descriptive statistics.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Incidence and national estimates of sports-related orbital fractures, demographic distribution, sport type, fracture site, and frequency of associated ocular injuries.
RESULTS
A total of 1468 patients with sports-related orbital fractures were identified, corresponding to a national estimate of 49 765 patients (95% confidence interval, 47 219-52 311). The mean ± standard deviation age was 27.1 ± 19.0 years, with the highest frequency in the 10- to 19-year age group. Seventy-nine percent of patients were male. The most frequently implicated sports were baseball (28.6%), bicycling (23.1%), and softball (6.7%). The orbital floor was the most commonly fractured site (59.8%). Among 865 patients with secondary injury data from 2019 through 2023, 13.8% of patients sustained associated ocular or periocular injuries, including eyelid lacerations (17.6%), corneal abrasions (13.4%), and hyphema (9.2%).
CONCLUSIONS
Sports-related orbital fractures remain a significant cause of facial trauma in the United States, particularly among male adolescents and young adults. Baseball and bicycling are leading contributors. The predominance of orbital floor fractures and the presence of associated ocular injuries underscore the need for improved preventive strategies, including the adoption of sport-specific protective eyewear and targeted safety policies to reduce the burden of these injuries.
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
目的
描述美国与运动相关的眼眶骨折的流行病学特征，包括发病率、人口统计学模式、损伤机制及相关眼外伤情况。
设计
回顾性队列研究。
参与者
2014年至2023年在国家电子伤害监测系统（NEISS）数据库中记录的与运动相关的面部骨折患者。
方法
使用NEISS身体部位和诊断代码以及眼眶骨折特有的创伤描述来识别患者。使用NEISS统计权重计算全国估计数。使用描述性统计方法评估人口统计学、运动类型、骨折部位及相关眼外伤情况。
主要观察指标
与运动相关的眼眶骨折的发病率和全国估计数；人口分布、运动类型、骨折部位及相关眼外伤的发生率。
结果
共识别出1468例与运动相关的眼眶骨折患者，全国估计数为49765例（95%置信区间，47219 - 52311）。平均年龄±标准差为27.1±19.0岁，10至19岁年龄组发病率最高。79%的患者为男性。最常涉及的运动项目是棒球（28.6%）、自行车运动（23.1%）和垒球（6.7%）。眶底是最常见的骨折部位（59.8%）。在2019年至2023年有二级损伤数据的865例患者中，13.8%的患者发生了相关眼外伤或眼周损伤，包括眼睑裂伤（17.6%）、角膜擦伤（13.4%）和前房积血（9.2%）。
结论
在美国，与运动相关的眼眶骨折仍是面部创伤的重要原因，尤其在男性青少年和年轻成年人中。棒球和自行车运动是主要致伤因素。眶底骨折占主导且存在相关眼外伤，这凸显了改进预防策略的必要性，包括采用特定运动的防护眼镜和针对性的安全政策，以减轻这些损伤的负担。
财务披露
在本文末尾的脚注和披露中可能会找到专有或商业披露信息。
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