Hu Junhao, Liu Mengzhu, Zhai Yuqi, Wang Yongpeng
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, 132022, China.
Carbon Fiber Research Institute, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, 132022, China.
Nanoscale. 2025 Jul 10;17(27):16432-16446. doi: 10.1039/d5nr01398d.
C nanofibers dotted with square Fe@C crystals derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with a novel 3D hierarchical architecture were successfully prepared through electrospinning, hydrothermal processing, and high-temperature pyrolysis. The introduction of carbon nanofibers endowed the particles with directional action and mechanical support, inhibiting local agglomeration and the collapse of the Fe@C crystals. The unique overall 3D porous structure with micro-concavities on its surface provided sufficient paths for electromagnetic wave transmission, abundant heterostructured interfaces for interfacial polarization and a connected network for conductive loss. The appropriate combination of the magnetic Fe@C crystals with dielectric carbon nanofibers optimized the impedance matching. Benefitting from the ingenious design, the composites exhibited excellent electromagnetic wave absorption (EWA) performances. FC1-30 was found to exhibit a minimum reflection loss (RL) of -28.09 dB at a thickness of 5.5 mm and a widest effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 1.1 GHz at a thickness of 2.5 mm. FC1-10 showed a RL of -20.82 dB at a thickness of 3.0 mm and a broadest EAB of 3.8 GHz at a thickness of only 1.5 mm. The preparation process was optimized, and the influence of the filler loading ratio on EWA performance was investigated. The EWA mechanism has been discussed in detail. The study provides an opportunity for the development of advanced electromagnetic devices with integrated structure and function.
通过静电纺丝、水热处理和高温热解，成功制备了点缀有源自金属有机框架（MOF）的方形Fe@C晶体的C纳米纤维，其具有新颖的三维分层结构。碳纳米纤维的引入赋予了颗粒定向作用和机械支撑，抑制了Fe@C晶体的局部团聚和坍塌。其独特的整体三维多孔结构，表面具有微凹，为电磁波传输提供了充足的路径，为界面极化提供了丰富的异质结构界面，为传导损耗提供了连通网络。磁性Fe@C晶体与介电碳纳米纤维的适当组合优化了阻抗匹配。得益于巧妙的设计，复合材料表现出优异的电磁波吸收（EWA）性能。发现FC1-30在厚度为5.5 mm时表现出-28.09 dB的最小反射损耗（RL），在厚度为2.5 mm时表现出1.1 GHz的最宽有效吸收带宽（EAB）。FC1-10在厚度为3.0 mm时表现出-20.82 dB的RL，在厚度仅为1.5 mm时表现出3.8 GHz的最宽EAB。优化了制备工艺，并研究了填料负载率对EWA性能的影响。详细讨论了EWA机制。该研究为开发具有集成结构和功能的先进电磁器件提供了契机。
