Song Ting, Qiu Xiyin, Wu Jialong, Xu Huan, Zhang Juying, Guo Bing, Zhao Xing
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health / West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health / West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2025 Sep 1;302:118517. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118517. Epub 2025 Jun 23.
Previous studies have shown associations between exposure to air pollution (AP) and total gray matter volume (GMV) and total white matter volume (WMV). However, no study has explored the impact of sleep conditions (sleep behaviors and sleep patterns) on the associations between AP and brain structures.
This study included over 21,000 participants from the UK Biobank. Neuroimaging data were processed to obtain measures of global brain volume, GMV, and WMV, as well as white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV). Land use regression model was utilized to estimate the concentrations of AP, including PM, PM, PM, NO, NO, and PM. Sleep behaviors included chronotype, duration, insomnia, snoring, and daytime sleepiness. These behaviors were utilized to calculate a healthy sleep score and then applied to categorize sleep patterns as healthy, intermediate, or poor. The doubly robust method was used to estimate the associations between AP, sleep conditions, and brain structures.
This study found that PM, NO, NO, and PM were significantly inversely associated with global brain, GMV and WMV. PM, NO, and NO showed significant positive associations with WMHV, with β (95 %CI) coefficients of 0.016 (0.005, 0.027), 0.016 (0.005, 0.026), and 0.018 (0.006, 0.031), respectively. Sleep patterns were positively associated with global brain and WMV. Sleep duration modified the associations between the three kinds of AP (PM, PM, PM) and WMHV (P<0.05). The associations of PM and NO with the global brain and WMV decreased as sleep patterns improved.
AP was associated with adverse effects on brain outcomes, while healthy sleep conditions were linked to favorable brain outcomes. Low-risk sleep behaviors and healthy sleep pattern may mitigate the detrimental associations of AP with brain structures.
先前的研究表明，暴露于空气污染（AP）与总灰质体积（GMV）和总白质体积（WMV）之间存在关联。然而，尚无研究探讨睡眠状况（睡眠行为和睡眠模式）对AP与脑结构之间关联的影响。
本研究纳入了来自英国生物银行的21000多名参与者。对神经影像学数据进行处理，以获得全脑体积、GMV、WMV以及白质高信号体积（WMHV）的测量值。利用土地利用回归模型估计AP的浓度，包括PM、PM、PM、NO、NO和PM。睡眠行为包括昼夜节律类型、持续时间、失眠、打鼾和日间嗜睡。利用这些行为计算健康睡眠评分，然后将其应用于将睡眠模式分类为健康、中等或不良。采用双重稳健方法估计AP、睡眠状况和脑结构之间的关联。
本研究发现，PM、NO、NO和PM与全脑、GMV和WMV显著负相关。PM、NO和NO与WMHV呈显著正相关，β（95%CI）系数分别为0.016（0.005，0.027）、0.016（0.005，0.026）和0.018（0.006，0.031）。睡眠模式与全脑和WMV呈正相关。睡眠时间改变了三种AP（PM、PM、PM）与WMHV之间的关联（P<0.05）。随着睡眠模式的改善，PM和NO与全脑和WMV之间的关联减弱。
AP与对脑结局的不良影响相关，而健康的睡眠状况与良好的脑结局相关。低风险的睡眠行为和健康的睡眠模式可能减轻AP与脑结构之间的有害关联。
