Pecka-Kiełb E, Zachwieja A, Humienna K, Króliczewska B, Zielak-Steciwko A E, Kaszuba J, Adamski M
Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Norwida 31, Wroclaw 50-375, Poland.
Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Cattle Breeding and Milk Production, Chełmońskiego 38c, Wroclaw 51-630, Poland.
Pol J Vet Sci. 2025 Jun;28(2):259-269. doi: 10.24425/pjvs.2025.154945.
The aim of the study was to determine the changes in the composition and physicochemical properties of cow's colostrum and the levels of immunoglobulin G in the serum of their calves, depending on the inclusion of dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS) as a substitute for concentrate feeds in the diet during the dry period. Sixty cows were divided into four groups: Group C - traditional TMR feed, Group I - modified feed with the inclusion of DDGS at 10% of dry matter, Group II - DDGS inclusion increased to 15% of dry matter, Group III - DDGS inclusion increased to 20% of dry matter. Colostrum samples were collected from all cows during the first full milking after calving. Blood samples were taken from all cows after calving and from their calves on days 3rd and 30th of life. No significant changes were observed in the basic composition of cows' colostrum. The levels of amino acids were significantly lower in DDGS groups. There was an increase in a concentrations of IgG, IgM, IgA, lactoferrin, K, Na, and proportion of α-casein and κ-casein in the colostrum of cows receiving DDGS. The total serum protein content was lower in cows receiving DDGS, despite a higher content of IgG. On the 3rd day of life, significantly higher levels of total protein and IgG were found in the calves' serum. Based on the results optained, it can be concluded that the use of DDGS in a cow's diet during the dry period as a substitute for concentrated feeds does not reduce the colostrum quality. However, including DDGS at a level of 15% DM in the cows' diet results in higher IgG content and, consequently, a higher level of passive immunity in their calves.
本研究的目的是确定奶牛初乳的成分和理化性质的变化，以及其犊牛血清中免疫球蛋白G的水平，这取决于在干奶期日粮中使用干酒糟及其可溶物（DDGS）替代浓缩饲料的情况。60头奶牛被分为四组：C组——传统全混合日粮（TMR）饲料；I组——添加10%干物质的DDGS的改良饲料；II组——DDGS添加量增加到干物质的15%；III组——DDGS添加量增加到干物质的20%。在产犊后第一次完全挤奶时，从所有奶牛采集初乳样本。在产犊后从所有奶牛以及在其犊牛出生第3天和第30天采集血样。未观察到奶牛初乳的基本成分有显著变化。DDGS组的氨基酸水平显著较低。在接受DDGS的奶牛初乳中，免疫球蛋白G、免疫球蛋白M、免疫球蛋白A、乳铁蛋白、钾、钠的浓度以及α-酪蛋白和κ-酪蛋白的比例有所增加。接受DDGS的奶牛血清总蛋白含量较低，尽管免疫球蛋白G含量较高。在犊牛出生第3天，其血清中的总蛋白和免疫球蛋白G水平显著较高。根据所得结果可以得出结论，在干奶期奶牛日粮中使用DDGS替代浓缩饲料不会降低初乳质量。然而，在奶牛日粮中添加15%干物质水平的DDGS会导致更高的免疫球蛋白G含量，从而使其犊牛获得更高水平的被动免疫力。
