Hao Jianwei, Yang Jiahui, Zhang Yiru, Zhao Shurong, Liu Shuang, Hu Wenfeng
Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030600, China.
Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
Insects. 2025 Jun 1;16(6):585. doi: 10.3390/insects16060585.
This study investigated the effects of acrylamide on the growth, neurobehavioral responses, gut integrity, microbial composition, and toxicokinetics of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL). Larvae were exposed to acrylamide-contaminated diets at 0.05, 0.5, and 5 mg/kg (dry weight) to assess dose-dependent impacts. Results revealed that acrylamide exposure delayed larval growth peaks and reduced maximum weights by 6.17-76.01% (12-18 days). Additionally, crawling speed decreased significantly at ≥0.5 mg/kg, indicating neurotoxicity. Trypan blue staining demonstrated dose-dependent midgut damage (2.22% in control vs. 25.56% at 5 mg/kg), correlating with compromised nutrient absorption. Gut microbiota analysis showed enrichment of pathogenic genera (e.g., ) and suppression of beneficial taxa (e.g., ), alongside reduced metabolic and immune-related pathways via Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. Toxicokinetic modeling revealed bioaccumulation, with bioaccumulation factors (BAF) inversely related to substrate concentration (18.67 at 0.05 mg/kg vs. 2.90 at 5 mg/kg). Elimination half-lives (DT) varied from 3.25 to 8.22 days, suggesting concentration-dependent detoxification efficiency. These findings highlight acrylamide's multifaceted toxicity in BSFL, emphasizing risks in waste valorization and insect-based feed production. This study underscores the need for substrate safety protocols to ensure sustainable applications of BSFL in the circular bioeconomy.
本研究调查了丙烯酰胺对黑水虻幼虫（BSFL）生长、神经行为反应、肠道完整性、微生物组成和毒代动力学的影响。将幼虫暴露于浓度为0.05、0.5和5mg/kg（干重）的丙烯酰胺污染饲料中，以评估剂量依赖性影响。结果显示，暴露于丙烯酰胺会延迟幼虫生长高峰期，并使最大体重降低6.17 - 76.01%（12 - 18天）。此外，在≥0.5mg/kg时，爬行速度显著降低，表明存在神经毒性。台盼蓝染色显示中肠损伤呈剂量依赖性（对照组为2.22%，5mg/kg时为25.56%），这与营养物质吸收受损相关。肠道微生物群分析表明，通过京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）分析，致病属（如 ）富集，有益类群（如 ）受到抑制，同时代谢和免疫相关途径减少。毒代动力学模型显示存在生物累积，生物累积因子（BAF）与底物浓度呈负相关（0.05mg/kg时为18.67，5mg/kg时为2.90）。消除半衰期（DT）在3.25至8.22天之间变化，表明解毒效率与浓度有关。这些发现突出了丙烯酰胺对黑水虻幼虫的多方面毒性，强调了在废物增值和昆虫基饲料生产中的风险。本研究强调需要制定底物安全协议，以确保黑水虻幼虫在循环生物经济中的可持续应用。
