Buet Anja France Noëlle Renée, Bujanić Miljenko, Krapinec Krešimir, Bošković Ivica, Gašpar Anđelko, Konjević Dean
MAJCAN Veterinary Clinic, K. Frankopana 38, 43000 Bjelovar, Croatia.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Pathogens. 2025 May 22;14(6):516. doi: 10.3390/pathogens14060516.
The trematode is originally a parasite of North American deer species. Upon its arrival to Europe, met new intermediate and final hosts. Depending on the type of host, the clinical picture, pathological findings, epidemiology and outcome can vary significantly. As an aberrant host, it was long believed that the roe deer () fails to develop pseudocysts, and therefore the infected animal dies before the parasite can mature and start to produce eggs. In this study, 676 roe deer livers were collected in Croatia during the hunting years of four consecutive years (2019-2023) in Bjelovar-Bilogora County (BB), and 184 livers were collected from Zagreb County (ZG) in the hunting year 2022/2023. Livers were analysed macroscopically and on a cut surface for lesions and any developmental stage of according to a standard protocol. The mean prevalence of infected livers during the whole study period was 12.86% in BB and 3.8% in ZG. No pseudocysts were detected in samples from ZG, while there was an increasing trend of pseudocyst presence over time in BB. The occurrence of pseudocysts in infected livers showed a rapid increase after the hunting season 2019/2020, before becoming constant (at approx. 40%). The odds of finding pseudocysts ranged between 2.7 (OR = 2.7317, CI 95% 0.3108 to 24.0095, = 0.365) and 2.9 (OR = 2.9167, CI 95% 0.3163 to 26.8924, = 0.345) times higher in later years compared to 2019/2020. Similarly, an increasing trend (though less pronounced) was observed in the numbers of livers simultaneously containing pseudocysts and fluke migratory stages. The results indicate a potential change in the roe deer- association, where an increasing number of roe deer are forming pseudocysts and can survive even multiple infections.
这种吸虫最初是北美鹿类的寄生虫。它抵达欧洲后，遇到了新的中间宿主和终末宿主。根据宿主类型的不同，临床表现、病理发现、流行病学及结果可能会有显著差异。长期以来，人们一直认为作为异常宿主的狍（）无法形成假囊肿，因此受感染的动物会在寄生虫成熟并开始产卵之前死亡。在本研究中，在连续四年（2019 - 2023年）的狩猎年份里，于克罗地亚的比耶洛瓦尔 - 比洛戈拉县（BB）收集了676份狍肝脏样本，在2022/2023狩猎年份从萨格勒布县（ZG）收集了184份肝脏样本。按照标准方案，对肝脏进行宏观及切面分析，以检查病变以及吸虫的任何发育阶段。在整个研究期间，BB县受感染肝脏的平均患病率为12.86%，ZG县为3.8%。在ZG县的样本中未检测到假囊肿，而在BB县，假囊肿的出现随时间呈上升趋势。受感染肝脏中假囊肿的出现率在2019/2020狩猎季节后迅速上升，之后趋于稳定（约为40%）。与2019/2020年相比，后期发现假囊肿的几率在2.7（OR = 2.7317，95%置信区间0.3108至24.0095，P = 0.365）至2.9（OR = 2.9167，95%置信区间0.3163至26.8924，P = 0.345）倍之间。同样，同时含有假囊肿和吸虫移行阶段的肝脏数量也呈现出上升趋势（尽管不太明显）。结果表明狍与这种吸虫的关系可能发生了变化，越来越多的狍正在形成假囊肿，甚至在多次感染后仍能存活。
