Ilinsky I A, Jouandet M L, Goldman-Rakic P S
J Comp Neurol. 1985 Jun 15;236(3):315-30. doi: 10.1002/cne.902360304.
The nigrothalamocortical connections and their topography were analyzed by autoradiography and double or triple retrograde labeling with the fluorescent dyes Fast Blue, Diamidino Yellow, and Propidium Iodide. Injections of tritiated leucine into different parts of the substantia nigra (SN) revealed that the medial SN projects to the medial magnocellular subdivisions of the ventral anterior (VAmc) and mediodorsal (MDmc) nuclei of the thalamus while the lateral SN projects to the more lateral and more posterior part of the VAmc, and the paralaminar, parvicellular, and densocellular subdivisions of the mediodorsal nucleus (MDmf, MDpc, and MDdc). With the exception of the MDmf, terminal areas observed in the mediodorsal nucleus were in the form of scattered clusters of grains. Analysis of the thalamus in cases with fluorescent dye injections into the lateral orbital gyrus (Walker's area 11), principal sulcus (area 46), anterior bank of the arcuate gyrus (areas 8 and 45), supplementary motor area (area 6), and motor cortex (area 4) revealed topographic organization of the nigrothalamocortical projection system. The parts of the VAmc and MDmc which receive afferents from the medial part of the SN in turn project to the most anterior regions of the frontal lobe including principal sulcus and orbital cortex. The lateral posterior VAmc, MDmf, MDpc, and MDdc, all of which receive afferents from the lateral part of the SN; project to more posterior regions of the frontal lobe including, in addition to the principal sulcus, the frontal eye field and also areas of the premotor cortex. These findings indicate that the SN has preferential targets in the thalamus and cerebral cortex which are segregated from those of the globus pallidus and cerebellum. Whereas the motor cortex is the primary target of cerebellar output (Asanuma et al., '83b), and the premotor cortex is the target of pallidal output (Schell and Strick, '84), the SN output appears to be directed more anteriorally--to the prefrontal cortex.
通过放射自显影以及使用荧光染料快蓝、双脒基黄和碘化丙啶进行双重或三重逆行标记，分析了黑质丘脑皮质连接及其拓扑结构。向黑质（SN）不同部位注射氚标记的亮氨酸显示，内侧SN投射到丘脑腹前核（VAmc）和背内侧核（MDmc）的内侧大细胞亚区，而外侧SN投射到VAmc更外侧和更靠后的部分，以及背内侧核的旁层、小细胞和致密细胞亚区（MDmf、MDpc和MDdc）。除MDmf外，在背内侧核中观察到的终末区域呈散在的颗粒簇形式。对向外侧眶回（沃克区11）、中央沟（46区）、弓形回前缘（8区和45区）、辅助运动区（6区）和运动皮层（4区）注射荧光染料的病例的丘脑进行分析，揭示了黑质丘脑皮质投射系统的拓扑组织。接受来自SN内侧部分传入纤维的VAmc和MDmc部分，转而投射到额叶的最前部区域，包括中央沟和眶皮质。外侧后VAmc、MDmf、MDpc和MDdc均接受来自SN外侧部分的传入纤维；它们投射到额叶更靠后的区域，除中央沟外，还包括额叶眼区以及运动前皮层区域。这些发现表明，SN在丘脑和大脑皮层中有优先靶点，这些靶点与苍白球和小脑的靶点是分开的。虽然运动皮层是小脑输出的主要靶点（浅沼等人，1983b），运动前皮层是苍白球输出的靶点（谢尔和斯特里克，1984），但SN的输出似乎更向前指向——前额叶皮层。
