Melendez-Vazquez Fernando, Lucaci Alexander G, Selberg Avery, Clavel Julien, Rincon-Sandoval Melissa, Santaquiteria Aintzane, White William T, Drabeck Danielle, Carnevale Giorgio, Duarte-Ribeiro Emanuell, Miya Masaki, Westneat Mark W, Baldwin Carole C, Hughes Lily C, Ortí Guillermo, Kosakovsky Pond Sergei L, Betancur-R Ricardo, Arcila Dahiana
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0244, USA.
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Sci Adv. 2025 Jun 27;11(26):eads8488. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.ads8488. Epub 2025 Jun 25.
Endothermy has independently evolved in several vertebrate lineages but remains rare among fishes. Using an integrated approach combining phylogenomic and ecomorphological data for 1051 ray-finned fishes, a time-dependent evolutionary model, and comparative genomic analyses of 205 marine vertebrates, we show that ecological interactions with modern cetaceans coincided with the evolution of endothermy in ray-finned fishes during the Eocene-Miocene. This result is supported by evidence of temporal and geographical overlap between cetaceans and endothermic fish lineages in the fossil record, as well as correlations between cetacean diversification and the origin of endothermy in fishes. Phylogenetic comparative analyses identified correlations between endothermy, large body sizes, and specialized swimming modes while challenging diet specialization and depth range expansion hypotheses. Comparative genomic analyses identified several genes under selection in endothermic lineages, including (involved in fatty acid metabolism) and (associated with development). Our findings advance the understanding of how ecological interactions and genomic factors shape key adaptations.
温血特性在几个脊椎动物谱系中独立进化，但在鱼类中仍然罕见。我们采用综合方法，结合1051种硬骨鱼的系统基因组学和生态形态学数据、一个时间依赖的进化模型以及对205种海洋脊椎动物的比较基因组分析，结果表明，在始新世 - 中新世期间，与现代鲸类的生态相互作用与硬骨鱼温血特性的进化同时发生。这一结果得到了化石记录中鲸类和温血鱼类谱系在时间和地理上重叠的证据支持，以及鲸类多样化与鱼类温血特性起源之间的相关性支持。系统发育比较分析确定了温血特性、大体型和特殊游泳模式之间的相关性，同时对饮食特化和深度范围扩展假说提出了挑战。比较基因组分析确定了在温血谱系中受到选择的几个基因，包括（参与脂肪酸代谢）和（与发育相关）。我们的研究结果推进了对生态相互作用和基因组因素如何塑造关键适应性的理解。
