Wang Haitao, Kim Kyung-O
Sociology of Sports Active Aging Laboratory, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
Department of Physical Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
Healthcare (Basel). 2025 Jun 18;13(12):1470. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13121470.
Unhealthy lifestyles constitute significant risk factors for adolescent suicide, and their detrimental effects may persist from adolescence into adulthood. This research study sought to examine how Body Mass Index (BMI), alongside various lifestyle behaviors among teenagers in Korea, correlates with suicidal thoughts, the formulation of suicide plans, and actual suicide attempts.
The research examined unprocessed information collected during the 2022 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBS), which was administered by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA). Lifestyle factors associated with suicidal behavior were selected as independent variables. The sample was stratified according to BMI for further analysis. Logistic regression models were applied to assess the association between lifestyle factors and the risk of adolescent suicide.
The analysis identified significant correlations between unhealthy dietary patterns, hazardous drinking behavior, smoking, and a sleep duration of less than 5 h, all of which were associated with a heightened suicide risk among adolescents. Notably, underweight adolescents who had a sleep duration of less than 5 h demonstrated a markedly elevated risk of suicidal ideation (OR = 2.391, 95% CI [1.035-5.525]). Among overweight adolescents, frequent coffee consumption was significantly associated with both suicidal planning (OR = 1.850, 95% CI [1.133-3.020]) and suicide attempts (OR = 1.958, 95% CI [1.024-3.742]). Importantly, hazardous drinking behavior was strongly associated with suicide attempts (OR = 2.277, 95% CI [1.132-4.580]). Non-smoking behavior exhibited a significant relationship with a decreased likelihood of suicidal ideation (OR = 0.706, 95% CI [0.507-0.983]) and suicidal planning (OR = 0.528, 95% CI [0.299-0.930]). Furthermore, among obese adolescents, non-smoking behavior significantly decreased the risk of suicidal ideation compared to smoking (OR = 0.514, 95% CI [0.297-0.887]).
The study revealed that the combined impact of unhealthy behaviors-smoking, eating an unhealthy breakfast, sleeping for less than 5 h, and hazardous drinking behavior-significantly affect suicide-related behaviors in adolescents. The interaction between BMI and lifestyle factors is a critical determinant of these behaviors. Specifically, sleep health exerts a substantial influence on suicide-related behaviors in underweight adolescents, while smoking strongly correlates with suicidal behaviors in overweight and obese adolescents. Targeted attention to the interplay of smoking, diet, sleep, and alcohol consumption with BMI is crucial for the early detection and prevention of adolescent suicide.
不健康的生活方式是青少年自杀的重要风险因素，其有害影响可能从青少年时期持续到成年期。本研究旨在探讨韩国青少年的体重指数（BMI）以及各种生活方式行为与自杀念头、自杀计划的制定和实际自杀未遂之间的关联。
该研究调查了韩国疾病控制与预防机构（KDCA）在2022年韩国青少年风险行为网络调查（KYRBS）期间收集的未处理信息。将与自杀行为相关的生活方式因素选为自变量。样本按BMI分层以进行进一步分析。应用逻辑回归模型评估生活方式因素与青少年自杀风险之间的关联。
分析发现不健康的饮食模式、危险饮酒行为、吸烟以及睡眠时间不足5小时之间存在显著相关性，所有这些都与青少年自杀风险升高有关。值得注意的是，睡眠时间不足5小时的体重过轻青少年出现自杀念头的风险显著升高（比值比[OR]=2.391，95%置信区间[CI][1.035 - 5.525]）。在超重青少年中，频繁饮用咖啡与自杀计划（OR = 1.850，95% CI [1.133 - 3.020]）和自杀未遂（OR = 1.958，95% CI [1.024 - 3.742]）均显著相关。重要的是，危险饮酒行为与自杀未遂密切相关（OR = 2.277，95% CI [1.132 - 4.580]）。不吸烟行为与自杀念头（OR = 0.706，95% CI [0.507 - 0.983]）和自杀计划（OR = 0.528，95% CI [0.299 - 0.930]）可能性降低显著相关。此外，在肥胖青少年中，与吸烟相比，不吸烟行为显著降低了自杀念头的风险（OR = 0.514，9％ CI [0.297 - 0.887]）。
该研究表明，吸烟、不吃健康早餐、睡眠时间不足5小时和危险饮酒行为等不健康行为的综合影响显著影响青少年与自杀相关的行为。BMI与生活方式因素之间的相互作用是这些行为的关键决定因素。具体而言，睡眠健康对体重过轻青少年的自杀相关行为有重大影响，而吸烟与超重和肥胖青少年的自杀行为密切相关。针对性地关注吸烟、饮食、睡眠和饮酒与BMI之间的相互作用对于青少年自杀的早期发现和预防至关重要。
